Modélisation des déterminants de la pauvreté et marché du travail en Afrique : le cas du Burkina Faso

Abstract

The present study proposes to examine the fruitfulness of an econometric modeling of the determinants of poverty in Burkina Faso in 1994_95, in order to build a “poverty profile” which is not only founded on a decomposition of measurements of the latter according to specified sub_groups. Accordingly, after having examined the conceptual and methodological aspects relating to the modeling of the determinants of poverty, and having specified the macroeconomic context and the social dimension of the burkinabè development, this paper incorporates two new analytical dimensions.First of all, it suggests a specific articulation of the causes of the low standards of living to the modes of participation in the labour market. Then, several approaches as for the modeling of the determinants of poverty are successively proposed:logistic multinomial modelof the determinants of the distribution of the standard of living according to the quintiles, the participation in the labour market being exogenous; model where the choice of the socio-economic groups is endogenous, which implies an analysis of the determinants of the standard of living specific to each group;decomposition of the sources of income of the households and evaluation of their relative share in terms of inequality and wellbeing. This analytical approach underlines the importance of the methodological choices, the existence of common factors - flexible according to the gender of the household head and the areas - as for the explanation of poverty according to segments of the labour market, and, at the same time, the presence of specificities related to the adopted assumptions and the socio_economic groups considered. (Full text in French)