Patients-related predictors of poor adherence to antihypertensive treatment in Congo-Brazzaville : a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Studies suggest that poor adherence to hypertension treatment is responsible for about two-thirds of uncontrolled hypertension, leading to complications such as stroke. Yet, patients-associated factors explaining poor adherence to antihypertensive treatment in Africa remains under-researched. This study aimed at assessing the level of compliance in hypertensive patients and identifying patients-related predictors of poor compliance. The study was a prospective cross-sectional. The data was collected during a six-month period. Participants were recruited from outpatients’ departments in three urban hospitals in Congo-Brazzaville. Bivariate and multivariate analyses (using T-test and chi-2) were performed to identify predictors of poor compliance. In total, 212 hypertensive patients were included. Their mean age was 58.3 ± 10.6 years (range 34 – 81). Compliance was poor in 69 (32.5%) and good or fair in 143 cases (67.5%). Bivariate analysis indicated several patient-related factors that could predict poor adherence. However, after adjustment by logistic regression, only knowledge of the treatment and perception of the severity of complications of hypertension showed statistically significant associations with poor compliance (p =0.0170 and p=0.0373 respectively). Efforts to enhance patients’ awareness about hypertension’s treatment and severity of the complications associated with the disease are called for in this particular context