In the context of the digital transformation of national economies,cyberspace is becoming one of the key dimensions of national security, where financial systems, stateinstitutions and critical infrastructure are becoming priority targets of organized cybercrime andhybrid threats. The increasing complexity, stealth and transnational nature of cyberattacksnecessitates the transformation of traditional approaches to security assessment, which are mostlyfocused on recording individual incidents and do not take into account the cumulative impact of latentforms of cyber influence. The aim of the study is to carry out a structural analysis of explicit andlatent cyber threats and assess their impact on the functioning of the financial system, criticalinfrastructure and state institutions. The methodological basis is a combination of systemic andcomparative approaches, which allows us to consider cyber risks as elements of a multi-level systemof national security. The paper typifies cyber risks, analyzes the mechanisms of their implementationand evaluates their interaction with elements of cyber sovereignty and cyber resilience. Specialattention is paid to the role of digital imperatives (cyber sovereignty, cyber resilience and cyberdeterrence) as interconnected subsystems of ensuring national security. According to the results ofthe study, the main channels of influence of cybercriminal activity on the financial, infrastructure anddefense sectors are identified, a structural model of the interaction of explicit and latent cyber threatsis formulated and the factors of reducing national cyber resilience are systematized. The cumulativenature of latent cyber risks and their ability to significantly enhance the consequences of open cyberattacks, forming cascading violations in the system of public administration and criticalinfrastructure are substantiated. The results obtained confirm the feasibility of transitioning frompredominantly proactive approaches to preventive models of state cyber policy, focused on earlydetection and neutralization of hidden threats.Keywords: national security, cyber risks, cyber-attacks, data leakage, intelligent systems.
References1. Adejumo, A. P. & Ogburie, C. P. (2025). The role of cybersecurity in safeguarding finance ina digital era. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 25(03), 1542-1556.https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2025.25.3.09092. Adekoya, O. A., Atlam, H. F., & Lallie, H. S. (2025). Quantifying the MultidimensionalImpact of Cyber Attacks in Digital Financial Services: A Systematic LiteratureReview. Sensors, 25(14), 4345. https://doi.org/10.3390/s251443453. Aldasoro, I., Gambacorta, L., Giudici, P., Leach T. (2022). The drivers of cyber risk, Journalof Financial Stability, 60, 100989. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfs.2022.100989.4. Al-Kasassbeh, F.Y., Ghazleh, A. M. (2023). International and National Efforts to ProtectCyber Security: Jordan Case Study. International Journal of Cyber Criminology, 17(2), 350-363.5. Alodhiani, A. (2023). Financial Technology (Fintech) and Cybersecurity: A SystematicLiterature Review. Arab Journal for Humanities and Social Science, 10(8), 22-31. https://doi.org/10.59735/arabjhs.vi20.556. Antonescu, M., Birău, R. (2015). Financial and non-financial implications of cybercrimes inemerging countries. Procedia Economics and Finance, 23, 145-152.7. Çifci, H. & Ergüner Özkoç, E. (2025). Analysis of National Cybersecurity Strategies of G20:objectives, latent themes, latest trends and comparisons. Data & Policy. 7.https://doi.org/10.1017/dap.2024.998. Jančiūtė, L. (2025). Cybersecurity in the financial sector and the quantum-safe cryptographytransition: in search of a precautionary approach in the EU Digital Operational Resilience Actframework. International Cybersecurity Law Review, 6, 145-154 (2025).https://doi.org/10.1365/s43439-025-00135-79. Javaheri, D., Fahmideh, M., Chizari, H., Lalbakhsh, P. & Junbeom, H. (2023). Cybersecuritythreats in FinTech: A systematic review. Expert Systems with Applications, 241(1), 122697.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2023.12269710. Khoirunnisa, K., Ambarwati, I., Rahmadan, Y., Jubaidi, D. (2025). Cyber Warfare andNational Security. China Quarterly of International Strategic Studies, 11(01), p. 1-20.https://doi.org/10.1142/S237774002550001011. Rybalchenko, L., Ohrimenco, S. (2024). The impact of cybersecurity and crime on nationalsecurity. Philosophy, Economics and Law Review, 4(2), 62-72. https://doi.org/10.63341/2786-491X2024-2-62У роботі здійснено типологізацію кіберризиків, проведено аналіз механізмів їх реалізації таоцінювання взаємодії з елементами кіберсуверенітету й кіберстійкості. Окрему увагуприділено ролі цифрових імперативів (кіберсуверенітету, кіберстійкості такіберстримування) як взаємопов’язаних підсистем забезпечення національної безпеки. Зарезультатами дослідження ідентифіковано основні канали впливу кіберзлочинної активностіна фінансовий, інфраструктурний та оборонний сектори, сформульовано структурну модельвзаємодії явних і латентних кіберзагроз та систематизовано чинники зниження національноїкіберстійкості. Обґрунтовано накопичувальний характер латентних кіберризиків і їхздатність суттєво підсилювати наслідки відкритих кібератак, формуючи каскадніпорушення в системі державного управління та критичної інфраструктури. Отриманірезультати підтверджують доцільність переходу від переважно активний підходів допревентивних моделей державної кіберполітики, орієнтованих на раннє виявлення танейтралізацію прихованих загроз.Ключові слова: національна безпека, цифровізація, кіберризики, кібератаки, витік даних,латентні ризики.
Перелік посилань1. Adejumo, A. P. & Ogburie, C. P. (2025). The role of cybersecurity in safeguarding finance ina digital era. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 25(03), 1542-1556.https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2025.25.3.09092. Adekoya, O. A., Atlam, H. F., & Lallie, H. S. (2025). Quantifying the MultidimensionalImpact of Cyber Attacks in Digital Financial Services: A Systematic LiteratureReview. Sensors, 25(14), 4345. https://doi.org/10.3390/s251443453. Aldasoro, I., Gambacorta, L., Giudici, P., Leach T. (2022). The drivers of cyber risk, Journalof Financial Stability, 60, 100989. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfs.2022.100989.4. Al-Kasassbeh, F.Y., Ghazleh, A. M. (2023). International and National Efforts to ProtectCyber Security: Jordan Case Study. International Journal of Cyber Criminology, 17(2), 350-363.5. Alodhiani, A. (2023). Financial Technology (Fintech) and Cybersecurity: A SystematicLiterature Review. Arab Journal for Humanities and Social Science, 10(8), 22-31. https://doi.org/10.59735/arabjhs.vi20.556. Antonescu, M., Birău, R. (2015). Financial and non-financial implications of cybercrimes inemerging countries. Procedia Economics and Finance, 23, 145-152.7. Çifci, H. & Ergüner Özkoç, E. (2025). Analysis of National Cybersecurity Strategies of G20:objectives, latent themes, latest trends and comparisons. Data & Policy. 7.https://doi.org/10.1017/dap.2024.998. Jančiūtė, L. (2025). Cybersecurity in the financial sector and the quantum-safe cryptographytransition: in search of a precautionary approach in the EU Digital Operational Resilience Actframework. International Cybersecurity Law Review, 6, 145-154 (2025).https://doi.org/10.1365/s43439-025-00135-79. Javaheri, D., Fahmideh, M., Chizari, H., Lalbakhsh, P. & Junbeom, H. (2023). Cybersecuritythreats in FinTech: A systematic review. Expert Systems with Applications, 241(1), 122697.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2023.12269710. Khoirunnisa, K., Ambarwati, I., Rahmadan, Y., Jubaidi, D. (2025). Cyber Warfare andNational Security. China Quarterly of International Strategic Studies, 11(01), p. 1-20.https://doi.org/10.1142/S237774002550001011. Rybalchenko, L., Ohrimenco, S. (2024). The impact of cybersecurity and crime on nationalsecurity. Philosophy, Economics and Law Review, 4(2), 62-72. https://doi.org/10.63341/2786-491X2024-2-6
