The present study focuses on the development and characterization of a Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SEDDS) for Bisoprolol Fumarate aimed at improving its bioavailability. Bisoprolol, a selective beta-1 adrenergic blocker, is widely used in the treatment of hypertension and cardiovascular disorders. Despite its high bioavailability, challenges in dissolution rate and gastrointestinal absorption persist. To address these issues, Bisoprolol was formulated with Capmul MCM, SPAN 80, and Chitosan to create an optimized SEDDS.
Characterization studies were performed, including assessments of droplet size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index using laser light scattering techniques. The SEDDS exhibited a droplet size of 200–250 nm, ensuring rapid and efficient drug release. The zeta potential was recorded at −25 mV, indicating good electrostatic stability. In vitro dissolution studies revealed that Bisoprolol-loaded SEDDS enhanced drug release by 1.67 times compared to conventional tablet formulations within the first 30 minutes. Furthermore, in vivo pharmacodynamic studies demonstrated that the SEDDS formulation was 3.1 times more effective in reducing systolic blood pressure in hypertensive rats compared to a CMC suspension (p < 0.0001).
Histopathological examination confirmed the safety of the SEDDS, with no significant adverse effects observed in gastrointestinal tissues. Overall, the Bisoprolol-loaded SEDDS formulation significantly improved solubility, permeability, and bioavailability, offering a promising alternative for the enhanced delivery of Bisoprolol and potentially other poorly soluble drugs
