Založba Univerze v Ljubljani / University of Ljubljana Press, Slovenia
Doi
Abstract
Članek obravnava naslonke v starih indoevropskih jezikih s poudarkom na tistih, ki še izkazujejo arhaične razmere v besednem redu oz. so povedni zaradi neposredno izpričanih podedovanih naglasnih razmer pri naslonkah in z njimi povezanih naglasnicah (to sta v prvi vrsti stara grščina in vedska stara indijščina, poleg njiju pa zlasti hetitščina, latinščina in stara iranska jezika, tj. avéstijščina in stara perzijščina), in sicer z namenom rekonstrukcije stanja v praindoevropščini. Prvi del prispevka se ukvarja s tipologijo naslonk, ki so bile iz indoevropskega prajezika podedovane v posamezne stare indoevropske jezike, drugi del pa je posvečen t. i. Wackernaglovi stavi stavčnih in nadstavčnih naslonk, tj. vprašanju razporeditve naslonskih zaimkov, členkov in veznikov v stavku, vključno s problematiko notranje hierarhizacije pri kompleksnih naslonskih nizih. Posebna pozornost je posvečena stavi stavčnih in nadstavčnih naslonk pri topikalizaciji in rematizaciji.The paper discusses cliticization phenomena as reflected in ancient Indo-European languages, especially those that retain archaic word order and/ or offer valuable insights into the behaviour of clitics because of the nature of textual transmission (i.e. Ancient Greek and Vedic, which preserve the accentual behaviour of clitics and their hosts, alongside Hittite, Latin, Avestan, and Old Persian), the main goal of such comparative analysis being the reconstruction of the clitic syntax for Proto-Indo-European itself. The typology of different clitics inherited from the parent language is discussed first, while the second part of the paper is devoted to the question of the placement of enclitic pronouns, particles, and conjunctions according to what is generally known as Wackernagel’s Law, dealing, in addition, with the rules of clitic distribution and internal hierarchization in the case of complex clitic clusters. Special attention is devoted to rules of cliticization in syntactically modified situations, such as topicalization and focalization
