Improving their effective treatment and prevention by studying the prevalence of dental diseases among pregnant women, studying their etiopathogenetic aspects, on the basis of which significantly reducing the incidence of dental diseases is important in protecting the health of mothers and children

Rakhimovich, Vohidov Elbek

English

JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE AND LIFE-SCIENCE RESEARCH

   Journal of Healthcare and Life-Science Research Vol. 4, No. 7, 2025 ISSN: 2181-4368   79  HIGH LEVELS OF LACTOFERRIN AND CATHELICIDINE IN THE BACKGROUND, IN WHICH NO CHANGES IN THE AMOUNT OF Α-DEFENZIN 1-3 WERE OBSERVED IN ORAL FLUID DURING GESTATION IN PREGNANT WOMEN  Information about theauthors Vohidov Elbek Rakhimovich Bukhara State Medical Institute Named After Abu Ali Ibn Test. Bukhara, Uzbekistan  The research relevance. Improving their effective treatment and prevention by studying the prevalence of dental diseases among pregnant women, studying their etiopathogenetic aspects, on the basis of which significantly reducing the incidence of dental diseases is important in protecting the health of mothers and children. Against the background of Altered reactivity in pregnant women and a weakening of the body's ability to fight back, hidden odontogenic foci of infections can lead to serious complications as a result of the exacerbation of the inflammatory process. Worldwide research is underway on the extent of prevalence of dental diseases among the population, including pregnant women, tooth hard tissue, periodont tissue, changes in the oral mucosa, the effect of this condition on their organs and systems of the body. Work is also being carried out on the development of primary prevention of dental diseases, improving its clinical and dental efficiency, improving the system of dental services. However, the interpretation and analysis of the results of the study of dental health in the system of" pregnant women", the development of primary prevention routes, the reduction of the incidence of these diseases on their basis, on the basis of which research on improving the quality of life in these pregnant women has not reached its peak, and the development of optimal preventive To date, comprehensive prevention programs are being developed and implemented at the state level to provide effective medical care for pregnant women, in particular, some groups of the population: schoolchildren, industrial workers, pregnant women are included (Sh.Z.Ataeva, 2012; L.Yu.Orekhova, A.A.Uzdenova, 2013; V.K.Meyer et al., 2014). The problem of improving dental health in pregnant women is considered the most relevant, since it is aimed at reducing anomalies and deformities of the gums, strengthening dental health in pregnant women and carrying out antinatal prevention of dental diseases in pregnancy (V.A.Jurbenko and other, 2015; V.A.Kuzmina and other., 2015; M.J.Lakhani et al., 2014). It was found that the formation of dental health in children begins long before its birth, and the condition of the oral cavity in future pregnancy plays a decisive role in this process (T.I.Wigen, N.J.Wang, 2011; E.Riggs et al., 2016). Over the past twenty years, an urgent scientific direction has been actively developed, the concept of pathologies in parodont tissue And resistance of tooth hard tissues to demineralization processes, according to which a change in tooth enamel resistance leads to an increase in the activity of the carious process (I.L.Gorbunova, N.I.Mikheykina, 2014). Tooth resistance to caries is determined by the physicochemical properties of the enamel structure, which in turn is studied genetically (I.L.Gorbunova, 2006; J.Liu et al., 2011; S.J.Tu and other., 2013; Y.Qu and other., 2015). In this regard, from a molecular genetic point of view, it is necessary to interpret the resistance of tooth enamel, which ensures the effectiveness of the Prevention of caries and periodont diseases, and at the same time it is important to effectively establish preventive measures in pregnancy.    Journal of Healthcare and Life-Science Research Vol. 4, No. 7, 2025 ISSN: 2181-4368   80 The dental status of pregnant women was evaluated in the early, second and third trimesters of pregnancy using different dental indices. The hygiene index (OHI-s), papillary-marginal-alveolar index RMA and periodontal index PI were applied to the green-Vermillion. In the mixed salivary of pregnant women, values of 3 different immuno-protective peptides were determined: lactoferrin, catechidin LL-37 and α-defenzin. Mixed saliva samples were taken to study local immunodeficiency in the oral cavity of all patients being examined. In women, mixed salivary models were obtained in the morning time (from 8 to 10 o'clock) on an empty stomach or after some time, that is, 1.5-2 hours after eating, during the period when the salivary is excreted in the maximum amount. The mixed saliva was taken into a graded plastic test tube for 5-6 minutes. The amount of mixed saliva was 20 ml or more. After taking mixed saliva 8000 ayl / min. at 15 minutes centrifuged. The amount of lactoferrin in the mixed saliva was determined by solid-phase immunoferment analysis. The data obtained was reflected in mkg/ML. The content of LL-37 catechidin was determined by the immunoferment analysis method. The data obtained was reflected in ng/mL. The amount of α-defenzin in oral fluid was determined using immunoferment analysis. the α-defenzin quantitative unit became ng / ml. Determination of cytokine status in mixed saliva was studied by immunoferment analysis method by determining 1β, 4, 6 interleukins, α - tumor necrosis, and γ-interferon factor concentration. The decrease in α - defenzin 1-3 by 13.3% in the 1st trimester of pregnancy differed. Against the background of carious lesions in pregnant women, the amount of α - defenzin 1-3 in mixed saliva was less than in healthy women: in the 1st trimester by 27.8% (P<0.04), in the 2nd trimester-by 18.2% (p<0.04), and in the 3rd trimester - by 30.5% (p<0.04) (Figure 5). In pregnant women with carious teeth, the concentration of catelicidin LL-37 in the mixed saliva in each trimester of pregnancy was low: in the 1st trimester by 43.3% (p<0.04), in the 2nd trimester-by 13.0% (p<0.04) and in the 3rd trimester by 54.1% (p<0.04). It follows from this that the Depression of innate immune protective antimicrobial factors leads to damage to the carious cavities of the teeth in women during pregnancy. At different periods of gestational age, all studied indices increased. In particular, the gi, PMA index and periodontal index increased by 61.8% (p<0.04), 80.1% (p<0.04) and 49% (p<0.04) in the 2nd trimester compared to the 1st trimester, respectively. Compared to the 2nd trimester, the RMA index alone increased reliably in the 3rd trimester (by 12%) (p<0.04). For this reason, the dynamics of the condition of parodont tissues during gestationism in pregnant women with inflammatory diseases in the parodontal complex has shown an increase in the intensity of the inflammatory process. All pregnant patients with diseases of the periodontal tissue were recommended standard periodontological treatment, taking into account the severity of inflammation: professional oral hygiene, peroral irrigations, gum appliques, placing periodontal ligaments with antiseptic and anti-inflammatory agents, eliminating bacterial Carache. In Group 2, a recommended complete complex of therapeutic measures was used in 41.1% of pregnant women, and they were under dental supervision until 36 weeks of gestation. In addition to the standard treatment, pregnant women who have entered the main clinical groups are rich in a number of vitamins (V1, V2, V4, V5, V6, V9, ascorbic acid, vitamin E and K, nicotinic acid) and minerals (calcium, phosphorus, iron, copper, selenium), a natural antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-edema agent, improving the exchange process, increasing the activity of anti-inflammatory cytokines,having an antioxidant effect, and in combination with the improving circulation, silkamed toothpaste, which does not store sulfates, titanium and parabens, which received ginger, lemon and zarcheva in its indirect mineralization and anti-inflammatory composition, was applied to patients in the main clinical groups. Women diagnosed with catarrhal gingivitis were found to have an increased concentration of inflammatory cytokines, mainly IL-6 (13 - fold), O'no-α (1.6-fold), in mixed saliva compared to healthy women. At this time, il-4 anti-inflammatory cytokine concentration in mixed saliva increased by 2.4 times (p<0.04), which can be considered a phenomenon of flexibility limiting the inflammatory process. But, it is worth mentioning that another anti-inflammatory mediator, γ-IF, decreased by 46.6% (p<0.04), which meant a violation of anti-inflammatory immune protective stagnation and its lack. In pregnant women who have mild to moderate chronic diffuse periodontitis, the amount of inflammatory cytokines has been found to increase significantly compared to both healthy pregnancies and pregnant women who    Journal of Healthcare and Life-Science Research Vol. 4, No. 7, 2025 ISSN: 2181-4368   81 have catarrhal gingivitis. In a mixed sample of patients with mild to moderate STP, IL-1β, IL -6, and O'no-α concentrations exceeded the amount of such indicators in patients with catarrhal gingivitis by 56.7% (p<0.04), 2.0 (p<0.002), and 2.1 (p<0.002), respectively. Thus, anti-inflammatory cytokines-IL -4 and γ-IF levels – were higher in pregnant patients with STP compared to pregnant women diagnosed with gingivitis by 44.6% and 87.3% (p<0.04), respectively. REFERENCES USED 1. Воҳидов Элбек Раҳимович. Ҳомиладор аёлларда гестация даврининг стоматологик касалликлар ривожланишига таъсири // № 9 (71) 2024 Tibbiyotda yangi kun jurnali, -2024. –Б.413 - 415 (14.00.00; №22). 2. Ризаев Жасур Алимжанович., Воҳидов Элбек Раҳимович. Изучение этиопатогенетических аспектов стоматологических заболеваний у беременных и совершенствование мер их профилактики // Stomatologiya. – 2024. – №.2-3 (95-96). – С.117- 119. (14.00.00; № 12) 3. Воҳидов Элбек Раҳимович. Ҳомиладор аёлларда пародонт касалликлари ривожланишининг патогенетик жиҳатлари// Gumanitar va tabiiy fanlar jurnali Journal of humanities & natural sciences № 11(06), 2024. Vol.2 4. Jasur A. Rizayev, Elbek R. Vohidov, Nodira Sh.Nazarova. The importance of the clinical picture and development of the condition of periodont tissue diseases in opregnant women // Central Asian Journal of Medicine. №2. 2024. PP-5-89. 5. Vohidov Elbek Rahimovich. Assessment of Dental Status and Oral Health in Pregnant Women // American journal of pediatric Medicine and health sciences.Vol 2. 2024. PP-241-243. 6. Vohidov Elbek Rahimovich. Assessment of dental status and oral health in pregnant women // Биомедицина ва амалиёт журнали. № 3 –сон. 9 жилд. 2024. (14.00.24). Тошкент. Б. 16 – 20 7. Elbek R. Vohidov, Jasur A. Rizayev, Nodira Sh. Nazarova. Parodont to’qimasi kasalliklari holatini homilador ayollarda klinik ko’rinishi va rivojlanishining ahamiyati // Журнал стоматологии краниофасиальных исследований. № 5–сон. /3 -жилд. 2024. Самарқанд. Б. 66 – 70 8. Vohidov Elbek Rahimovich. Etiopathogenetic aspects of improving the prevention of dental diseases in pregnant women // Boffin Akademy Vol. 2 №1 2024. 2024-01-23 

HIGH LEVELS OF LACTOFERRIN AND CATHELICIDINE IN THE BACKGROUND, IN WHICH NO CHANGES IN THE AMOUNT OF Α-DEFENZIN 1-3 WERE OBSERVED IN ORAL FLUID DURING GESTATION IN PREGNANT WOMEN

https://jhlsr.innovascience.uz/index.php/jhlsr/article/download/1512/1344

HIGH LEVELS OF LACTOFERRIN AND CATHELICIDINE IN THE BACKGROUND, IN WHICH NO CHANGES IN THE AMOUNT OF Α-DEFENZIN 1-3 WERE OBSERVED IN ORAL FLUID DURING GESTATION IN PREGNANT WOMEN

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