Diabetes insipidus is a serious disease that dramatically disrupts the patient’s usual lifestyle due to the need to constantly replenish fluid lost in the urine, which occurs against the background of a deficiency in the synthesis, secretion or action of the pituitary hormone vasopressin. The main difficulty is the differential diagnosis of types of diabetes insipidus in patients with polydipsia-polyuria syndrome, which directly affects the safety and effectiveness of further treatment. This lecture presents modern ideas about the etiology, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of the central form of diabetes insipidus. Comparative characteristics of various desmopressin preparations for the treatment of the central form of the disease are given. The features of patient management during pregnancy and lactation, pathology of the thirst center, after traumatic brain injury and neurosurgical interventions are also considered
