Alimon, Abdul Razak

Hamzah, Ramlah

Idrus, Zulkifli

Ukil, Md. Asaduzzaman

Universiti Putra Malaysia Institutional Repository

UPM Research Report 1997-2000. Vol II. Section 2-Extended AbstractsThe effect of replacing corn with rice bran on the growth and performance ofbroiler chickens.Allmon, AR.. Ukll, MA, Zulklfll, I.. Ramlah, H.Faculty of AgricultureUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM. Serdang, SclangorMalaysiaTelephoneNumber of CorrespondingAuthor: 03-89466891E-mailolCorrespondingAuthorralimon@agri.upm.edu.myKey words: rice bran, broiler chickens, metabolisable energy, phytate phosphorusIntroductionIn 2002, Malaysia imported about 2.0 billion worth of feedstuffs from many countries. Com, sotyabean, fishmeal and manyother feed ingredients are imported form other eountries. Rice bran is a by-product of the rice milling industry is also anenergy source and can be used as a feed ingredient. However, the use of rice bran in poultry feed is limited by an anti-nutritional factor known as phytic acid, which combines with phosphorus to make it unavailable. In most poultry rations, comis the main energy source and if rice bran can replace com, a considerable amount of foreign exchange can be saved by thecountry. This study examine the effect of partial replacement of com with rice bran on the growth performance anddigestibility of nutrients in broiler chickens.Materials and MethodsAn experiment was conducted to examine the effect of varying levels of rice bran on the growth performance and digestibilityof nutrients in broiler chickens. In a completely randomised design (CRD) experiment 1200 21-day old straight-run ArborAcre broiler chicks were divided into groups of 75 and fed iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous diets containing 0 (Diet 1), l5(Diet2), 25(Diet 3) and 35 %(Diet 4) rice bran (RB) until they were 42 days of age. Prior to the trial, from day-old to 21days ofage, the birds were fed a commercial broiler starter ration containing 12.6 MJ Metabolisable Energy (ME) /kg and 22% crudeprotein (CP). The live weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio, were measured commencing day 21 and thereafter on aweekly basis. At the end of the trial, 6 broiler chickens were selected randomly from each treatment and slaughtered todetermine carcass yield. A further 6 male birds were selected from each treatment and placed in individual cages to determinethe in vivo digestibility of the diets and nutrients. Dry matter intake and total faecal output were measured over a six dayperiod. Feed and faecal samples were subjected to proximate analyses.Results and DiscussionThe results of experiment showed that the live weights of the birds fed high levels of RB (35%) was depressed significantlybeginning from 21-27 days. It was noted that, feed consumption was significantly lower in birds fed 35% RB compared to thecontrol diet and Diet 2. The results confirmed that inclusion of RB up to 25% in broiler finisher diet had no adverse effect onthe body weight and feed consumption, but there was a significant reduction in body weight of birds fed rice bran at 35 %level. The final body weights and total weight gains of birds in Diet 4 were lower than those on the other diets. Although thetotal feed consumption was not influenced significantly by different levels of RB inclusion, the feed intake tended to be higherat higher levels of inclusion. From 21-28 days of age the FeR of the birds fed Diet I was significantly lowerr (p<0.05) thanthose fed Diet 4. No significant difference was observed from 28-34 or 35-41 days of age. Similarly there was no difference inthe overall FCR values f the birds (21-41 days) regardless of dietary treatments. The dietary inclusion of higher level of RB(35%) had no (p>O.05) effect on liver, heart, abdominal fat and carcass yield. In contrary, the gizzard weight was significantlyhigher (p<O.OS) for the birds fed 3S% of RB but no difference (p>O.OS) was observed among the birds fed 0, IS, and 2S % RBin the dietThe digestibility coefficients ofCP, CF and EE was 67.5, 67.9, 67.1 and 6S.3%; 2S.l, 25.7,22.7 and 22.4 %; and 85.5, 8S.4,8S.3 and 82.3 % respectively, for Diets I, Diet 2, Diet 3 and Diet 4. No significant difference was observed in thedigestibility of different nutrients due to the dietary treatments. However, there was significant reduction in the digestibility ofep and Cf when birds were fed Diets 4 as compared to Diet 1. The apparent metabolisable energy (AME)of the diets were3214, 3168, 3132 and 3067 kcal/kg respectively for 0, 15, 25 and 35% of RB in the diet.ConclusionsIn conclusion, rae results of this study showed that the birds fed Diet 2 (15% RB) attained higher body weight as compared tothose on the ocier diets. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was poorer for birds fed Diet 4 (35% RB) than those on the otherdiets. No significant difference was noted in the FeR among birds fed diets containing less than 3S% RB. There were nodifferences in the weights of the carcass, abdominal fat, liver and heart, among the dietary treatments, but the gizzard weightwas significantly higher in birds on Diet 4. No difference was noted in the digestibility of crude protein. crude fibre and etherextract. The apparent metabolizable energy contents of the diets tended to decrease with increasing levels of RB in the diet. Itis suggested that rice bran can be included at levels higher than the 10% recommended by previous workers. In this study, rice168Agricultural Sciencesbran can be included at levels up to 25 % without obvious depression in body weight gains of feed efficiency. However, atlevels higher than 35 % there were significant decrease in feed efficiency and a reduced final live weight.Benefits from the studyThis showed that if poultry rations arc formulated carefully, and palm oil is used to provide part of the energy then rice brancan be included at levels higher than 25 %. Earlier studies showed that rice bran can be included at 15% for optimum growthand performance. Increasing use of rice bran can reduce import of com, hence a saving in foreign exchange.Patent(s), if applicable:NilStage of Commercialization, if applicable:NilProject Publications in Refereed Journals:NilProject Publications in Conference ProceedingsAlimon, AR., M.A. Ukil, Y. Yusnita and M. Hair 8ejo (1998) The elTect of replacing com with palm kernel cake and rice bran on theperformance of broilers. The lOthVeterinary Association Malaysia Scientific Congress 4-6 Sept. 1998 Shah Alam: 42-44Alimon, AR., MA. Ukil, M. Ivan and S. Jalaludin Cl997). The elTect of partial replacement of com with rice bran in broiler grower rations ..Proc. Of the 16thIntern. Congress of Nutrition. Montreal Canada July27 -Aug I 1997. pp 358 Cabs).Ukil, MA .• and A.R. Alimon. (1997). Chemical composition of selected rice bran in Malaysia. Proc. Of 9th VAM Congress 3-5 Oct 1997Penang pp 278-280Ukil, MA., A.R.Alimon. , H. Ramlah. I. Zulkifli (1997). The elTect of replacing corn with rice branon the growth and performance of broilersfinishers .. 19thMSAP Ann Conf Johor Baru 8-10 Sept 1997.pp 170-171Graduate ResearchNameGraduateof Research Topic Field of Expertise Degree Awarded Graduation YearM.A Ukil The effect ofphytate Poultry Nutritionphosphorus in ricebran on the growthand performance ofbroiler chickens.Ph.D. 2000IRPA Project numberOI-02-04-0417UPM Research Cluster:AFFProject Leader Abd. Razak bin Alimon169

The effect of replacing corn with rice bran on the growth and performance of broiler chickens

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The effect of replacing corn with rice bran on the growth and performance of broiler chickens

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