A., Azmi

Husain, Mohd Lokman

Ibrahim, Sulong

Khalik, Abdul Rahman

Universiti Putra Malaysia Institutional Repository

Environmental SciencesFishes of the Pulau Cik Wan Oagang Mangrove Forest, Kemaman, TerengganuMoha Lokman, H., Khalik, A., Sulong, I ana Azml, A.Instituteof OceanographyKolejUniversitiSainsdanTeknologiMalaysia(KUSTEM)MengabangTelipot21030KualaTerengganuMalaysiaE-mail ofCorrespondingAuthor:miokrnn@kustem.edu.myKey words: fish, mangrove, Terengganu.IntroductionThe mangrove ecosystem has manyimportant functions. Not only, themangroves stabilizes the coast, trappollutant and control erosion, it alsoacts as spawning and nursery groundfor many groups of marine animals byproviding food and shelter from thestrong heavy current and wave actions.The prevailing view on the mangrove-offshore interactions explains thatmangrove export large amount of de-tritus to estuarine and near shore waters(Boto et al. & Bunt, 1981; Robertson,1986). This detritus is either refractoryand sinks to the bottom, presumablynever enters the food chain, or is dis-persed over a large area without anylocal impact (e.g. magnification ofbenthic secondary production) as foodfor marine life. Thus, the mangrovewaterways provide abundant supply ofmuch needed protein and cash in theform of fish, crabs, prawns, inverte-brates, shellfish (Collette et al., 1983 ;Choy et al. and Booth, 1994 ; Chou etal., 1994) and many others from vari-ous families such as Gastropod, Bi-valve, and Crustacean (Kartawinata, etal, 1979; and Soegiarto et al., 1983).According to Ritchie (1979) andDingwall et al. (1984) documented atleast 30 species of the fish found inmangrove wetlands have been consid-ered to be commercially valuable spe-cies, examples eels, flatfish, Greymullet and cockle. Such species arecaught almost exclusively in the man-grove areas. Studies to examine thedistribution and types of fish in themangrove swamps of Malaysia arelacking and not extensively carried butis nevertheless important in order tounderstand the life cycles of the vari-ous species of Malaysian fishes.Materials and MethodsFish samples were collected from 7different mangrove zones for 6 times (6days) at the very highest tide of theday. The fish were caught using trem-melnet of dimension 31.20m by l.5m.,which were set-up inside each man-grove zone. The fish caught caughtwere brought to the lab for identifica-tion. The numbers and abundance byspecies were also recorded.Results and DiscussionFish collected during our study werefound to be from 29 different familiesand a total of 38 species (See table 1).Amongst them, 20 species were valuedas economically important species. Themost common species found in thismangrove area were 'ikan Duri' (Ariuscoelatus) and crab (Scylla serrata).Although, most of the fish that ap-peared in the mangrove were of thelesser-known types or not commer-cially demanded, they provided empiri-cal data to support the proposition thatmangroves are best have a major roleas spawning and nursery grounds forcommercial fish and shellfish. Majorityof the marine ecologist generallyagrees that inshore areas constitute acrucial part of the life-supporting sys-tems for the offshore fish populationsas they act as nursery and feeding areas(Jansson et al., 1988).ConclusionsEven though the number of speciescaught comprised is only 38, but thenumber of commercially importantspecies (20) presents a major portion offish caught in the area. It must also benoted that this study is done in an estu-ary in Terengganu whose mangrovearea is relatively small compared to thewest coast of the Peninsular. Variabil-ity of fishes caught within the differentmangrove zones maybe due to the in-fluence of the root and the dominantenvironmental characteristics withinthe different zones. Investigation intothe influence of the flora, floor sedi-ments and micro-physical characteris-tics within each mangrove zone on thefish species preference and dominanceshould be thoroughly investigated asthis will aid in culture and food pro-duction with respect to fisheries.Benefits from the studyInformation presents the first report onMalaysian fishes within a properlydelineated mangrove vegetation zones.It can be used for the purpose ofdrawing up a management plan and canalso be used as a basis for furtherstudies concerning preferences offishes to certain charateristics withinthe vegetation zones.Literature cited in the textBoto, K.G.and Bunt,J.S. 1981.Tidal exportof particulateorganicmatterfromaNonhem Australianmangrovesystem.Estuar.Coast. Shelf Sci. 13: 247-255.Chou,L.M. 1994.Marineenvironmentalissuesof SoutheastAsia:state anddevelopment.In Sasekumar,A., N.Marzhall, andDJ. Macinthos(eds.)Ecologyand Conservationof SoutheastAsianMarineandFreshwaterEnvironmentsincludingWetlands,p:139-150.Choy,S.C. and Booth,W.E. 1994.Prolongedinundationand ecologicalchangesin anAvicenia mangrove:implicationsfor conservationandmanagement.In Sasekumar,A., N.Marzhall, andD.J.Macinthos(eds.)Ecologyand Conservationof SoutheastAsianMarineandFreshwaterEnvironmentsincludingWetlands,p:237-282.Collette,B.B. 1983.Mangrovefish of NewGuineaofMan. In Teas,H.J. (ed.)267UPM ReMarctI Repott 1997·2000. S«tion 2-Extend«l Abstract.BioIosY and EcolosY M....,_,. p91·102.Oinpall. P.R. 19114.Overtcmin, probIemtilllIIe -,emma 01 New 7.eabndmanlfOW '''" ..... I.. HJ.T_ (cd).PhY'M>k'Iy and -,emma 01mana-re. D.W.Jullir. Pubh.tlef .. Thettlpe. Ncdnlanlb. P 97·106.J_-. BO .•Mcintyre. AD .• Ni_on.SW., f'amalnud, M.M., 7.ell~."hd, B.":lI,I'Ira. U. 19118.Cves .... -offohUfeiIItcrKllOM - an rvalUllllOll 01 ~fYMltnc:e. In BO. J_Wlft [ed.), COMtaI·Offohore f.cOOyolellt IMerKUOft. SprulpI"V"Ia,: )~7,)6l.Soe,i&no, A. 19K1 The III&nIfOW«ooy*m in I"'_~ IL. pwbIem and-.-.111 ".J.T_ (cd).Phy.inIoIy and _,emenl 01man,rove. (jt 19114l>r.W.Junk Publi.hen.The Itl,ut. ISHN W 61113 94116. Pnnacdin the Nederland., pp: 611- 711.Project Publication. InRefereed Journal.tleald. E..J. and Odum. W.E.. 1970. Theconlnbulion 01 man,rove IWIl1IpI to..1onda filherie •. Proe. Gulf and Carrib.filh. InIt. 22: DO·D'.Salomon. J.N. 1978. ConlribuliOllI Tetude«olu,lque et lelIIr1plll'lut de.manlrovet. Revue Geomorph. Dyn. 27:6J.110WoodroIfe, CD. 19111.DrveklJlmmlolmana-rc f,,"IlI from I ,eoI... icllpeI','_live. I.. tu. Teal (cd). Ph),.iolonand -aemenl 01manJfUvtI. (jt 111114..\" ",,.,{n,, '~fft.. "':""t1f~ r ...~,;.!;th"t! m "r." ~,,"I!. I, '_',.;.,.: t /'/;J""268Dr.W,Junk PubU,hen. The ttlJUe. ISHNIII) 61113 94116. Prinacd in the Nederlandlpp: 1·17. 'Wriehl. L.D. 19K5.RivCfdel"l: Deltaicaedimenll and aedimenllry IlrUclure, p4K. In OaviIJr.R.A (ed.) COIIIIISedimenlary Environmenll. SprinlCf'Verlal. New York.Project Publications InConference Proceeding.None.Graduate ResearchKhlhk, Abdul Rahman. 21)(J2.PilherietMlnllllcmenIIM.Sc.I. Univeflili Pull.Mllly,il.Re~nrch funded hy Ihe Inlen~inclllion or RrteArchin Priorily artlll (IRPA) • SUpporll'd by IRPA RM· 7(11III6·2.JJIJ), Cyel" 1l1li7, Orllnl OI'()2.Q4·0262.

Fishes of the Pulau Cik Wan Dagang mangrove forest, Kemaman, Terengganu

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Fishes of the Pulau Cik Wan Dagang mangrove forest, Kemaman, Terengganu

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