Razak, Abdul Rahman

Universiti Putra Malaysia Institutional Repository

UPM Research Report 1998: Volume 2PLANT PARASITIC NEMATODES OF TROPICALFRUITS WITH EMPHASIS ON BANANA INMALAYSIAAbdul Rahman RazakFaculty of AgricultureUniversitiPutra Malaysia. 43400 UPM. Serdang. Selangor.MalaysiaKeywords:' xiphinema, identification,': new species,Peninsular Malaysia.IntroductionPlant parasitic nematode is the least known pest in the agri-culture crops in Malaysia. Biodiversity in the population ofthe nematodes in the root rhizospheres often pose problemsin instituting an effective control for optimum crop yield.Host specificity among nematode species can .manifest dif-ferent pathogenic reactions on the same crop species. Severalspecies can concurrently be present in the root rhizosphere.Similarly species that are considered economically less im-portant on banana in Africa can be pathogenic. to the bananacrop in Malaysia.Materials' and MethodsSoil and root samples were collected from the root zonefood, ornamentals plants were collected from the variousparts of Peninsular Malaysia. The nematodes were extracted,processed for permanent slides and Scanning Electron Mi-croscopic observation. Base on the morphometries, the plantparasitic nematodes were identified to the species level.Results and Discussion1). Eleven species of Xiphinema were identified from theroot rhizosphere of the crops, of which two are new species,identified as X.winotoi and X.campaki. Detail descriptions of64the species are described in Razak and Loof (1998): 2) Fourspecies of Meloidogyne have been identified and found to beassociated with the growth decline of the plants associatedwith. On banana, the use of untreated soil in raising theseedlings in the nursery resulted in the widespread presenceof M. javanica in the roots of the plants in the field. Likewiselax enforcement of the quarantine law at the point of entryresulted in the importation of M.graminis (Razak and Bo-jang, 1998) to the country, which had associated with non-uniform coverage of the greens in the golf courses of at leasttwo golf courses in the country. The species had only beenreported on the golf courses in the southern part of theUnited States. Many of the padi growing areas in the countryhad been infested by M.graminicola (Kruger and Razak,1998). The identification of other nematode species are cur-rently being Carried out.ConclusionsSpecies of nematode associated with the local agriculturecrops is presently far from sufficient. 'Thus the implementa-tion of the quarantine regulations has often been challengedby importers of plant materials from other countries. There isa need for a list of nematode species that are already presentin the country.ReferencesKruger, S. and Razak, A.R. 1998. SEM nematod simpul akar padi,Meloidogyne graminicola Golden and Birchfield, 1965. Proc. 7th.Scientific Conference of the Electron Microscopy. Society ofMalaysia. 251-255. 'Razak, A.R. and Bojang, S. 1998. Comparative morphology of twosemiendoparasitic nematodes, Rotylenchulus reniformis and Ty~lenchulus semipenetrans. Proc. 7th Scientific Conference of theElectron Microscopy Society of Malaysia. 246-247.Razak, A.R. and Loof, P.A.A. 1998. The genus Xiphinea Cobb, 1913(Nematode: LongidoridaeI in Western Malaysia. Fundamentalsand Applied Nematology. 21: 413-428.Supported by IRPA Grant Ol-02-04'(}()50

Plant parasitic nematodes of tropical fruits with emphasis on banana in Malaysia

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Plant parasitic nematodes of tropical fruits with emphasis on banana in Malaysia

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