Abdul Malek, Asiah

Universiti Putra Malaysia Institutional Repository

Agricultural SciencesDevelopment of Improved Vegetative Propagation Techniques for SelectedTropical Cut FlowersAelah Abdul MalekFaculty of AgricultureUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM. Serdang, SelangorMalaysiaE-mail ofCorrespondingAuthor:asiah@agri.upm.edu.myKey words: in-vitro propagation, plant regeneration, tissue culture, tropical cut flowers, and asexual propagation.IntroductionMany commercially important orna-mental plants are propagated vegeta-tively. The discovery of root inducingchemicals and the development of mistpropagation and micropropagationtechniques has greatly enhanced vege-tative propagation procedures. Differ-ent species, however, differ in theirresponses to the various propagationtechniques. Successful propagationrequires knowledge of the physiologyof the plants as well as environmentaland chemical manipulations. For someornamental species, conventionalvegetative propagation methods are tooslow for large- scale production tomeet increasing demand. The overallobjective of the study is to developsuitable techniques for cost-efficientmass propagation of planting materialsfor selected ornamental species withgood commercial potential. The studyfocused on the development of proto-cols for micropropagation of Polian-thes tuberosa, a herbaceous perennialgrown commercially for its fragrant cutflowers and essential oil. Little infor-mation is available on tissue culture oftuberose (Muralidhar and Mehta, 1986)and results, in most cases, have beeninconsistent.Materials and MethodsVarious concentrations of NAA incombination with either BAP or Ki-netin were used to initiate callus andshoot formation from rhizomes andbulb segments of Polianthes tuberosacultured in full strength MS media. Theeffect of different levels of 2,4-D oncallus initiation was also investigated.The rooting hormones IBA and NAAwere tested to determine their effec-tiveness in inducing in-vitro rooting ofthe shoots produced in the first part ofthe experiment. Shoots which weresuccessfully rooted were transferredinto pots containing conventionalgrowing media of soil peat sand (3:2:1,v/v) or sand: vermiculite (1:1, v/v) forinitial observation of plantlets perform-ance under ex-vitro conditions.Results and DiscussionInitiation of callus decreased with in-creasing concentration of NAA. Thehighest percentage of callus formationoccurred at 1.0 mg/L NAA. NAA hasalso been previously found to success-fully induce callus initiation in severalother plant species. Treatment with lowlevels of 2,4-D (0.25 - 1.0 mg/L) alsoinduced callus formation. The percent-age of explants producing shoots wasvery high (90%) regardless of whetherNAA, BAP or Kinetin was used or not.However, the number of shoots formedper explants was highest when 0.1mg/L NAA was used in combinationwith either 1.0 mglL BAP or 0.5 mg/LKinetin. In vitro rooting of the shootswas achieved using 1.0 mg/L IBAwhich produced the best rooting per-formance in terms of rooting percent-age, and root quality, Rooted plantletsperformed reasonably well under ex-vitro condition where 75% of theplantlets survived after six weeks oftransfer.ConclusionsBoth callus and shoot formation can beobtained from bulb segments of P.tuberosa cultured in MS media sup-plemented with the growth regulato~NAA, BAP or Kinetin in the appropn-ate concentration, while in-vitro root-ing of the shoots can be induced usingIBA.Benefits from the studyIn vitro plant regeneration protocol forPolianthes tuberosa was established.The protocol is not only useful in de-veloping a procedure for the micro-propagation of the species but is also aprerequisite for any attempt at cultivarsimprovement through genetic trans-formation.Literature cited in the textMuralidhar, C.E. and Mehta, A.R .. 1986.Plant regeneration from bulb segments oftuberose. HortScience 21: 859-860.Project Publications inRefereed JournalsNone.Project Publications inConference ProceedingsAsiah A.M., Azmi, A.R .•.Tan, H.C., Lim,Y.S. and Abdullah. T.L .. 2001. In Vitroplantlet regeneration of PolianthesTuberosa. In: Proceedings of BengkeiPenyelidikan Fakulti Pertanian. pp. 33-34.Graduate ResearchNone.77

Development of improved vegetative propagation techniques for selected tropical cut flowers

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Development of improved vegetative propagation techniques for selected tropical cut flowers

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