Satellite DNA - like elements dispersed in the within euchromatin of Tribolium castaneu

FELICIELLO, ISIDORO

Josip Brajković

Đurđica Ugarković

Archivio della ricerca - Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II

#" ''BS* *'$J[P6] SATELLITE DNA - UKE ELEMENTS DISPERSED WlrHlN EUCHROMATINOF BEETTE Tribolium castoneumJosip Braikovi6t, lsidoro Feliciellol'z and Durdica Ugarkovi6ltRuder Boikovii lnstitute, Zagreb, Croatia; 2Universiti degli Studi di Napoli Federicoll, Napoli, ltalySatellite DNAs are in the form of long tandem arrays encompass regions ofpericentromeric heterochromatin in many eukaryotes. ln addition, they canbe a source of regulatory sequences and can act to distribute regulatoryelements throughout the genome affecting neighbouring genes.Bioinformatic analysis of the whole genome sequence of red flour beetleTribolium costaneum, performed in this study, reveals that abundantsatellite DNA TCAST, concentrated within pericentromeric heterochromatin,is also dispersed within euchromatin of all chromosomes. Dispersed TCASTsatellite elements are found in the vicinity of 105 protein coding genes,either at 5' and 3' end or within the introns. They exhibit no sequence-specific preference for insertion and are statistically enriched onchromosomes 3 and 9. Based on the sequence characteristics they areclassified into two groups: the first group encompasses TCAST satellite-likeelements in the form of partial satellite monomers or tandemly arrangedmonomers up to the tetramer, while the other group named TCASTtransposon-like elements contains satellite elements embedded within acomplex unit that resembles DNA transposon. No significant difference inthe homogenization of dispersed TCAST-like elements at the level of localarray and at the level of chromosome, as well as among differentchromosomes is found. Significantly higher divergence among TCASTtransposon-like elements indicates their earlier dispersion and integrationwithin T. castoneum euchromatin, relative to TCAST satellite-like elements.Annotation of genes in whose vicinity TCAST-like elements are found isperformed and evolutionary relationship between the two types ofdispersed TCAST-like elements as well as modes of their dispersion arediscussed,

SATELLITE DNA - UKE ELEMENTS DISPERSED WlTHlN EUCHROMATIN OF BEETTE Tribolium castoneum

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Archivio della ricerca - Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II