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Process Optimization of the Transesterification Processes of Palm Kernel and Soybean Oils for Lube Oil Synthesis

Abstract

Palm kernel and soybean oils were used as raw materials to produce lube oils. Their transesterification/conversion processes were investigated for different catalyst-oil concentrations. The optimum conditions for obtaining biolubricants with improved properties were found to be close for both oils. For the palm kernel oil, the maximum conversion of the triglyceride to methyl ester was 98 % at an optimum temperature of 56 oC for catalyst concentration of 0.6, 6:1 methanol-oil ratio and lube oil yield of 92 %, while for soybean oil, the conditions for maximum conversion (95%) of the triglyceride in the soybean oil occurred at 60 oC, for 0.5 catalyst concentration and 6:1 methanol-oil ratio with lube oil yield of 88 %. Furthermore, the PKO gave higher biolube oil yield compared to soybean oil. The addition of ethylene glycol coupled with subsequent blending of the oils with mineral oils helped to modify the products of the second transesterification which resulted in the desired lube oils

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