We discuss the concept of knowledge and the cognitive process backing the evolution of knowledge in the human species. This leads to a reflection about the meaning peace. In simple terms, peace is the capability of dealing with conflicts [which are unavoidable as a result of individual differences] without the resource to arrogance and to bigotry, which culminates in aggression and violent confrontation. A road to peace is the reformulation of education. A proposal of a new concept of curriculum is presented and there is a brief discussion of the Program Ethnomathematics as the realization of the proposal
