Journal of Refrigeration Magazines Agency Co., Ltd.
Abstract
The thermal management system of electric vehicles has become a key research focus for enhancing cabin comfort and battery performance. To address the different temperature response characteristics of cabin and power battery, this study proposes a direct cooling system architecture. A dual-objective temperature control strategy was developed based on environmental temperature, vehicle operating status, and real-time temperature information, enabling dynamic adjustment of thermal control priorities between the cabin and battery to ensure optimal system performance. A thermal management system test bench was constructed in an environmental chamber, and a simulation model of the vehicle thermal management system was developed. Performance comparisons were conducted among three control strategies under various driving conditions and environmental temperatures. Results demonstrate that the dual-objective strategy exhibits superior temperature control capability and energy efficiency across different environmental conditions, along with optimal battery state-of-charge (SOC) recovery performance. Under 35°C high-temperature conditions, the cabin and battery achieved target temperatures within 51s and 547s respectively, while under -7°C low-temperature conditions, they reached preset values within 127s and 365s with significantly improved SOC recovery rate. Although the dual-objective strategy slightly increases energy consumption (approximately 1.2%-3.0% higher than cabin-priority strategy), it substantially enhances battery thermal control efficiency and overall system performance, demonstrating high potential for practical applications
