University of Maribor, Faculty of Law, University Press
Abstract
Delovno pravo varuje delavce – osebe, ki delo opravljajo v odvisnem razmerju, tako da jim zagotavlja minimalne pravice in delovne pogoje. Njegova uporaba ni odvisna od volje pogodbenih strank, še posebej naročnika dela, ampak je prisilna. Če so v razmerju podani elementi delovnega razmerja, se oseba šteje za delavca, ki se mu priznava delovno-pravno varstvo. Da bi se varstvo zagotavljalo vsem, ki so ga potrebni, je zelo pomembna ustrezna opredelitev delovnega razmerja in pokazateljev ter kriterijev, po katerih se prepozna v praksi. Treba je ločiti med delavci in samozaposlenimi, v okviru samozaposlenih pa prepoznati ekonomsko odvisne osebe. Zelo razširjen pojav so t. i. prikrita delovna razmerja, ko se delovno razmerje navzven prikazuje kot drugo pogodbeno razmerje, v zadnjem času pogosto kot razmerje med naročnikom in (navideznim) samozaposlenim. Tovrstne prakse, ki so se tudi v Sloveniji zelo razmahnile, je treba zaustaviti, pri tem pa je ključna vloga države, ki mora poleg ustrezne zakonske razmejitve med delavci in samozaposlenimi poskrbeti tudi za učinkovit nadzor in sankcioniranje zlorab.Covert employment relationships: Will "self-employed" replace workers? Labor law protects workers - persons who work in a dependent relationship by providing them with minimum rights and working conditions. Its use does not depend on the will of the contracting parties, especially the client, but is compulsory. If there are elements of an employment relationship in the relationship, the person is considered to be an employee to whom employment protection is recognized. In order to provide protection to all who need it, it is very important to define the employment relationship and the indicators and criteria by which it is recognized in practice. It is necessary to distinguish between workers and the self-employed and identify economically dependent persons within the self-employed. A very common phenomenon is t. i. covert employment relationships when an outward employment relationship is shown as another contractual relationship, more recently often as a relationship between a client and a (virtual) self-employed person. Such practices, which have become very widespread in Slovenia, must be stopped, with the key role of the state, which, in addition to the appropriate legal separation between workers and the self-employed, should also ensure effective control and sanctioning of abuses
