Diplopia is an event that can occur following cataract surgery, although its rate of occurrence is limited and ranges from 0.67% to 0.85%. The authors present a case of vertical diplopia arising after peribulbar anaesthesia for cataract surgery in a 78-year-old woman. Diplopia appeared at distance in primary position, while at near there was binocular single vision. Stereopsis was present at the Lang I - II Test, but the Wirth Test was incomplete. Although in the literature the frequency of these "accidents" is very limited, we think it is relevant to emphasize the need to perform pre-operative routine using a careful orthoptic examination along with a thorough medical, especially strabological, history
