Uncontrolled calcium levels in the cell alter proteins function, apoptosis regulation, as well as proliferation, secretion and contraction. Calcium levels are tightly regulated by signal transduction pathways, including the Phosphoinositide (PI) system. A great interest was paid to PIs for their role in mammalian reproduction. Reports from the ‘80s indicated that the PI signal transduction pathway plays a role in the endocrine regulation of endometrium. PI-PLC enzymes were recently suggested to be involved in endometriosis. Recent studies demonstrated that the expression differed in normal endometrium with respect to endometriosis tissue. Remarkably, recent evidences indicated that PI-PLC isoforms might be involved in the inflammation cascade in different cytotypes. That suggests that PI-PLC enzymes might be related to the inflammatory cascade claimed in the pathogenesis of endometriosis
