Вплив образливої та неполіткоректної лексики на екологію спілкування (на матеріалі сучасного англомовного дискурсу) (Influence of offensive and politically incorrect lexics on ecology of communication (on the material of modern English discourse)

Abstract

Стаття присвячена дослідженню впливу інвективної лексики на екологію спілкування. Доводиться взаємозв’язок між емоційним станом комунікантів та вибором лексичних одиниць. Стаття акцентує увагу на культурній асиметрії вживання псевдо нейтральних лексичних одиниць, що призводять до конфліктів та комунікативних невдач і пропонує шляхи їх усунення за допомогою відбору релевантної політично коректної лексики. (Ecolinguistics is a branch of Linguistics which investigates language as a semiotic system and takes into account social and other extralinguistic factors negatively or positively influencing language, language consciousness and speech culture; ways of protection of language against negative influence, on the one hand, and its enrichments and development, on the other. Thus, the environmental problem of language is considered in a wide cultural context. The article covers such concepts as «ecolinguistics», «emotive ecolinguistics» and «ecological communication». The author attempts to identify communicative devices constituting the ecological / non-ecological communication space. The role of the emotional component in communication is discussed. The article presents the results of the research on the main parameters and functions of invectives used in English literary discourse. The analysis revealed both explicit and implicit invectives in speech. Standard vocabulary acquires invective senses due to special communicative circumstances and situation. The spectrum of functions of both implicit and explicit invectives ranges from intensifying verbal aggression (devaluation, violence, plummeting the level of the addressee, manipulation) to reducing the psychological tension, compensate invective contextual senses, lessen or exclude physical violence. The research proved that implicit invectives may appear due to use of non-politically correct words by one of the speakers. In order to minimize social and institutional offense in occupational, gender, racial, cultural, sexual orientation, including religions, beliefs, ideologies, disability and age-related contexts, speakers should use politically correct terms.