GIANNI C

LAVIANO, Alessandro

MARTUSCELLI M

MUSCARITOLI, Maurizio

ROSSI FANELLI, Filippo

English

Archivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La Sapienza

Rassegna - ReviewRivista Italiana di Nutrizione Parenterale ed Enterale / Anno 20 n. 1, pp. 21-28 Wichtig Editore, 2002Neurochimica della anoressia neoplasticaA. LAVIANO, M. MUSCARITOLI, C. GIANNI, M. MARTUSCELLI, F. ROSSI FANELLIDipartimento di Medicina Clinica, Università "La Sapienza", RomaABSTRACT: Under physiological conditions, energy intake is tightly controlled in the hypotha-lamus by: i) transducing metabolic/sensorial inputs arising from the periphery into neuronalresponse; ii) integrating the information originating from different tissues; and, iii) triggeringthe appropriate feeding responses. Data suggest that cancer anorexia is secondary to a disrup-tion of the physiological mechanisms controlling energy intake. It is therefore conceivable thatits pathogenesis may lie in an abnormal input of information to the hypothalamus, or in its de-fective transduction and integration, or in the induction of exaggerated and inappropriate fee-ding responses. There is general consensus about the multifactoriality of the pathogenesis ofcancer anorexia, which involves most of the neuronal signalling pathways modulating energyintake. Thus, a number of factors has been proposed as putative mediators of cancer anorexia,including hormones (e.g., leptin), neuropeptides (e.g., NPY), cytokines (e.g., IL-1, IL-6, TNF)and neurotransmitters (e.g., serotonin and dopamine), and close interrelationships appear toexist among them. In line with this reasoning, consistent experimental and human data suggestthat hypothalamic monoaminergic neurotransmission, and particularly serotonergic activity,may represent a major target on which different anorexia-related factors converge. Thus, interfe-ring pharmacologically with hypothalamic serotonin activity has been recently tested as a thera-peutic strategy in anorexic cancer patients with encouraging results. Furthermore, it could bespeculated that modulation of hypothalamic activity may also result in reduced catabolic signalsto skeletal muscles, thus improving cancer cachexia as well. (RINPE 2002; 20: 21-8)KEY WORDS: Cancer, Anorexia, Neurotransmission, Hypothalamus, SerotoninPAROLE CHIAVE: Tumore, Anoressia, Neurotrasmissione, Ipotalamo, SerotoninaNeurochemical basis of cancer anorexia

Neurochimica della anoressia neoplastica

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Neurochimica della anoressia neoplastica

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