This paper presents a comprehensive approach to the modeling and development of AC power system control and protection, emphasizing the critical role of Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs) in ensuring system stability and reliability. The study explores advanced techniques for controlling voltage and current within AC power networks, addressing challenges such as overvoltage conditions, transient suppression, and fault mitigation. A detailed model of MOVs is developed and integrated into the power system framework to evaluate their effectiveness in protecting sensitive equipment against voltage surges. Simulations and experimental validations are carried out to analyze MOV behavior under various operating conditions, demonstrating their dynamic response and protective capabilities. The results highlight the practical application of MOVs in enhancing power system performance, reducing equipment failure, and improving overall grid resilience. This research provides a foundation for further innovations in AC system control and protection, offering insights for engineers and researchers working in power system design and optimization
