Background: Anemia in pregnancy remains a critical global health issue, particularly in developing countries, leading to significant maternal and fetal complications. The study aimed to identify factors contributing to anemia at term and its impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in (Mumbai), including 100 pregnant women with hemoglobin <11 gm/dl at term (≥37 weeks) who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Demographics, antenatal care practices, and outcomes were analyzed using a predesigned case record proforma.
Results: The prevalence of mild anemia was 79%, while 21% had moderate anemia. Poor dietary intake, non-compliance with oral iron therapy, and low socioeconomic status were significant contributors. Anemia at term predisposed women to increased risks of labor complications, including prolonged hospital stays and a higher need for parenteral iron therapy or blood transfusions. Neonatal complications, including low APGAR scores and NICU admissions, were higher among moderately anemic mothers.
Conclusions: Anemia at term leads to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Strengthening antenatal care, improving dietary practices, and ensuring adherence to supplementation can mitigate the risks associated with anemia
