U.S. FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND TRADE: SUBSTITUTES OR COMPLEMENTS? THE CASE OF THE FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY

Abstract

The role of foreign direct investment as a complement or substitute to foreign trade continues to be debated in regard to the food processing industry. This study extends earlier work to demonstrate that FDI and trade depend on the stage and the similarities of the economic development of the host countries, as macroeconomic factors--such as exchange rate fluctuations and income growth-- act differently in developing vs. developed countries, and exporting vs. importing countries.Agribusiness, International Development, International Relations/Trade,