Dynamics of the transition from polarization disorder to antiphase polarization domains in vector fiber lasers

Abstract

We demonstrate that nonlinear polarization coupling in a fiber ring laser without polarization selective elements, subject to the effects of average anomalous dispersion, Kerr effect and nonlinear gain saturation, leads to the anti-synchronization of spatio-temporal chaos into ordered laminar states of orthogonal polarization temporal domains. Adjusting the polarization coupling may also lead to the generation of stable lattices of soliton trains with high duty cycle at repetition rates of hundreds of MHz, as well as trains of coupled dark and bright solitons