Control data variants of game models such as Interface Automata are suitable for the design and analysis of self-adaptive systems

Bruni, Roberto

Corradini, Andrea

Gadducci, Fabio

Lluch-Lafuente, Alberto

Vandin, Andrea

English

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Adaptation is a GameRoberto Bruni Andrea Corradini Fabio GadducciDipartimento di Informatica, Università di Pisa, ItalyAlberto Lluch Lafuente Andrea VandinIMT Institute for Advanced Studies Lucca, ItalyABSTRACTSoftware systems operating in unpredictable environments must be self-adaptive. Unfortunately,there is no agreed foundational model for adaptation. Already in 1963 Lofti Zadeh claimed that“it is very difficult—perhaps impossible—to find a way of characterizing in concrete terms the largevariety of ways in which adaptive behavior can be realized”. His pessimism was due to the inherentdifficulty of subsuming both the external manifestations of adaptive systems (black-box adaptation)and the internal mechanisms that realize adaptation (white-box adaptation) in a coherent view.Generally speaking, a program is considered to be adaptive if it modifies its own behavior inresponse to changes in its operating environment. According to the traditional view, a program ismade of control (i.e. algorithms) and data. A change in the behavior implies a change in the data.The identification of suitable control data leads to an unambiguous definition of adaptation: therun-time modification of such data [1].The above view can be elegantly formalized in variants of game models for open systems such asInterface Automata [3] enriched with formal counterparts of control data [2]. We argue that suchformalization may help to reconcile black- and white-box approaches to adaptation, and may enablethe use of Interface Automata both as a component-based design framework and as a verificationframework for adaptive systems. For instance, model checking techniques for game models can beused to decide to which extent a system is able to adapt in order to satisfy its requirements despiteof changes in the environment.BODYControl data variants of game models such as Interface Automata are suitablefor the design and analysis of self-adaptive systems.REFERENCES[1] R. Bruni, A. Corradini, F. Gadducci, A. Lluch-Lafuente, and A. Vandin. A conceptualframework for adaptation. In Procs. of 15th Intl. Conference on Fundamental Approaches toSoftware Engineering (FASE 2012), volume 7212 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages240–254. Springer, 2012.[2] R. Bruni, A. Corradini, F. Gadducci, A. Lluch Lafuente, and A. Vandin. Adaptable transitionsystems. In Procs. of 21st Intl. Workshop on Algebraic Development Techniques (WADT2012), volume 7841 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 95–110. Springer, 2013.[3] L. de Alfaro and T. A. Henzinger. Interface automata. In Procs. of 8th European SoftwareEngineering Conference/9th ACM SIGSOFT Intl. Symposium on Foundations of SoftwareEngineering (ESEC/SIGSOFT FSE 2001), volume 26(5) of ACM SIGSOFT SoftwareEngineering Notes, pages 109–120. ACM, 2001.Volume 2 of Tiny Transactions on Computer ScienceThis content is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial ShareAlike License. Permission tomake digital or hard copies of all or part of this work is granted without fee provided that copies are not made ordistributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page.CC BY-NC-SA 3.0: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/.

A conceptual framework for adaptation.

Adaptable transition systems.

Interface automata.

Adaptation is a Game

Adaptation is a Game

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