Burgos, C. (Candelaria)

Canoura, J. (Jesús)

Farias, C. (Carlos)

Gil, J. (Juan)

English

Repositorio Institucional Digital del IEO

El voraz del estrecho de Gibraltar: trasfondo de una pesquería de profundidadThe red seabream of the Strait of Gibraltar: Deep water fishery backgroundJ. Gil, J. Canoura, C. Farias y C. BurgosC.O. de Cádiz – Instituto Español de OceanografíaPagellus bogaraveo (Brünnich, 1768)TaxonomySuperclass GNATHOSTOMATAClass ACTINOPTERYGIISubclass NEOPTTERYGIIDivision TELEOSTEISubdivision EUTELOSTEISuperorder ACANTHOPTERYGIIOrder PERCIFORMESFamily SPARIDAEGenus Pagellus (Valenciennes, 1830)Inshore waters above various types ofbottom (rocks, sand, mud) to 400 m(Mediterranean) and 700 m (Atlantic);young near the coast, adults on thecontinental slope specially overmuddy bottoms. Omnivorous, but feedmainly on crustaceans, mollusks,worms and small fish. Protandrichermaphrodites. Adults move towardsthe coast up to the edge of thecontinental shelf to spawn fromJanuary to June. Important foodfish:marketed mainly fresh.Distribution: Eastern Atlantic (Norway,Strait of Gibraltar to Cape Blanc inMauritania, Madeira, Canary Islands)and western Mediterranean (rarebeyond the Sicilian Strait). Tarifa Algeciras Conil TangierMain ports Market cat. (SP)  Burro Tamaño Mediano  Pequeño850 a 1.300 grs.> 1.300 grs.550 a 850 grs.350 a 550 grs.ICES WGDEEPNot benchmarked yetEU RegulationFishing effort [Reg. EC since 2002]Biannual TACs [Reg. EC since 2002]Spanish and Andalusian Regulations for the Strait of Gibraltar fishery (Fishing plans since 1999)Fishing boat listClose seasonMinimum landing size (ATL vs. MED)Hook size and hooks number limitationMoroccoAgriculture and Marine FisheriesDepartment Order No. 3083-09DU 12Muharram 1431 (2009): 25 cm FL Redseabream minimum market size.Pagellus bogaraveo is caught by Spanish and Portuguese fleets inSubarea IX. Spanish landing data from this area are available from 1983,Portuguese data from 1988 and Morocco information from 2001 till 2011.2013:180* t.2011:487 t.1997:1011 t.2009:817 t.Landings since the start of the fisheryMain ports landings length distributionFishing effort:The effort unit chosen (number of sales) cannot be tooappropriate as do not consider the missing effort. Thus, in the recentyears this missing effort increases substantially (fishing vessels withno catches and precisely why with no sale sheet to be recorded). VMSinformation (“Junta de Andalucía green boxes”)Biological samplings (reproduction and growth)Tag – recapture experiencesSpanish Red seabream fishery in the Strait of Gibraltar is almost amonospecific fishery with one clear target species: Pagellusbogaraveo make up more than 70% of the catchUnfortunately last years Morocco landings are not available, but....might be decreasing as well  Devices installed by the Junta de Andalucía to transmits to the controlcenter information about the boat position, course and speed every threeminutes. Data transmission uses the GPRS/GSM technology of cellularnetworks instead of satellite system (on line fishing effort monitoring).Filtering process and CPUE and missing effort estimates are describedin Burgos et al. (2013)20122013LPUE (SoG)Missing effort troubleA MORE ACCURATE LPUE (GREEN BOXES )Spanish “voracera” fishery landings length distribution (1983–2013)Male gonadFemale gonadA slow growing, deep sea species, red seabream are sequentialhermaphrodites, changing sex from male to female as they ageSpawning season seems to take place in the Strait of Gibraltar duringthe first quarter of the year. The overall diet is not very diverse, mainlycomposed by a small crustacean as main prey while the order fishes canbe considered as a secondary prey. Main predators are unknown in theStrait of Gibraltar waters but maybe predation from dolphins and blue fintuna should be taken into accountSurvey Days Tags Recaptures Recapturerate (%)Mean length(cm)Mean weight(gr)Estepona 97 9 1596 117 7.33 20 121Barbate 98 8 351 2 0.57 15 51Sotogrande 98 8 1432 18 1.26 19 100Tarifa 01 13 979 180 18.39 34 585Tarifa 02 15 624 33 5.28 35 681Tarifa 04 9 942 37 3.93 30 411Tarifa 06 10 1225 109 8.90 32 505Conil 06 4 279 30 10.75 33 594Conil 08 5 450 15 3.33 30 428Total 81 7878 541 6.64 32 516Juveniles: traps (MED)Adults: hooks (SoG) 2 different experiences and areasGrowth estimates comparison : VBGF shapes and longest recaptures (more than 10 years at sea)Ageing over estimation! 01020304050600 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15Lt (cm)t (years)Sobrino y Gil, 2001 Gil et al., 2010 T-R (Gulland & Holt)T-R (Munro) T-R (Appledorn) T-R (Fabens)280 mm455 mm>11 years>10 years450 mm196 mmDraws of the size increment between tag and recapture dates from the 12longest lived samples are below from the expected in the VBGF estimatesfrom otoliths readings. So, it seems that readings may be overestimatedand some hyaline rings are uncounted and/or missing (ICES WKAMDEEP,2013).     ALK Sobrino & Gil, 2001 ALK Bayesian fit ALK 2003-2009Red seabream of the Strait of Gibraltar: von Bertalanfy growth curvesestimated from otolith readings. Straight lines correspond to the 12 longtime at sea recaptures.Year ICES Advice Predicted catch corresp. to adviceTACEUSubarea IXICES catchesSubarea IX2003 1 - 1.271 0.492004 1 - 1.271 0.512005 1 - 1.271 0.532006 1 - 1.271 0.622007 1 - 1.080 0.682008 1 - 1.080 0.682009 Constrain catches to average catches 2003-2007 0.5 0.918 0.822010 Biennial 0.5 0.780 0.632011 Same advice as previously 0.5 0.780 0.492012 No new advice, same as 2011 0.5 0.780 0.302013 No increase in effort and catches reduced  20% (average of 2009 to 2011)0.5 0.780 0.182014 No new advice, same as 2013 0.5 0.780 -2015 Reduce catches by 36 % 0.115a - -2016 No new advice, same as 2015ICES advises on the basis of the data-limited approach that annualcatches should be no more than 115 t (EU catches). All catches areassumed to be landed. Additionally, ICES recommends the establishmentof a recovery plan for red seabream. This plan should include all fisheriesthat takes this stock.2013-2014 TAC:Spain: 614 t (90 t in 2013)Portugal: 166 t (90 t in 2013)Morocco: no TAC (? t in 2013)Last year’s advice was based on ICES approach to data limited stocksmethod 5.2. This year´s advice is based on ICES approach to data-limited stocks method 3.2.Weights in thousand tonnes. 1Advice prior to 2008 included for all areas aAdvice on EU catches. http://www.ices.dk/sites/pub/Publication%20Reports/Advice/2014/2014/sbr-ix.pdfICES Subarea IXStrait of Gibraltar fisherySoG location….middle of nowhere (ICES, GFCM, CECAF…?)Stock identityMorocco lack info trouble remainsAssessment method not benchmarked (gadget)Recovery plan needsManagement considerations: Since 2013, minimum landing size for thisspecies in Spain for the Atlantic back to 25 cm while in theMediterranean is 33 cm. Common minimum landing size is desirable inboth sides of the Strait of GibraltarSnip, snap snout, this tale's told out, so they all lived happily ever after and ate…. red seabream!!Thanks you for listening ….. any questions?

El voraz del estrecho de Gibraltar: trasfondo de una pesquería de profundidad

Gil, Juan

Canoura, Jesús

Farias, Carlos

Burgos, Candelaria

Digital.CSIC

http://www.repositorio.ieo.es/e-ieo/bitstream/10508/9757/1/El%20voraz%20del%20estrecho%20de%20Gibraltar%20%28Gil%20et%20al%29_SIEBM%20XVIII.pdf

El voraz del estrecho de Gibraltar: trasfondo de una pesquería de profundidad

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