Inventario de las pesquerías españolas en el área CECAF. Descripción de la pesca española de cerco de boquerón en aguas de la costa Atlántica de Marruecos, zona Norte, 2011: visión general, localización, actividad pesquera (área de pesca, recursos explotados, especies objetivo, especies acompañantes, tipo de barco, segmento de flota, estacionalidad, duración de las mareas, puertos e indicadores de la pesquería), uso y mercados, gestión (marco jurisdiccional, régimen de gestión), estado y tendencias y fuentes de información

FAO 2013-2014. FAO CECAF Scientific Committee (FAO CECAF- SC)

García-Isarch, E. (Eva)

English

Inventario de las pesquerías españolas en el área CECAF. Descripción de la pesca española de cerco de boquerón en aguas de la costa Atlántica de Marruecos, zona Norte, 2011: visión general, localización, actividad pesquera (área de pesca, recursos explotados, especies objetivo, especies acompañantes, tipo de barco, segmento de flota, estacionalidad, duración de las mareas, puertos e indicadores de la pesquería), uso y mercados, gestión (marco jurisdiccional, régimen de gestión), estado y tendencias y fuentes de información.Peer reviewe

García-Isarch, Eva

Digital.CSIC

Spain Small scale purse seine anchovy fishery - Moroccan Atlantic coast waters, North zone, 2011

Repositorio Institucional Digital del IEO

  Fishery Resources Monitoring SystemFishery  Fact SheetCECAF Fisheries Reports 2011Spain Small scale purse seine anchovy fishery -Moroccan Atlantic coast waters, North zone, 2011Senneurs espagnols dans la zone nordFishery life cycleThe closure period (1999-2006) was due to the absence of fishing agreement.This fishery terminated on 1999. This fishery started on 2007 and terminated on 2011.Overview: The Barbate’s purse seine fleet was included into the fihing categories called: “Seiners-Northern Cape Noun/North Atlantic/North” of the different agreements. The management measures ofthis Andalusian purse seine fleet regulated by the agreements mainly consist on an effort control (throughGRTs limitations) and technical measures such as the limitation of the fishing areas, close seasons andgear size. Anchovy is the target species of this fleet in the Atlantic Moroccan fishing ground, due to itshigh economical value. This species accounted for 80% of the total catches for this fleet. Sardine (Sardinapilchardus) represents the second species in landings, accounting for less than 20% of the landings inmost of the years. The rest of the species shows a low relative importance in landings. These speciesbelong, in order of importance, to the groups Trachurus spp. and Scomber spp. A sharp increase oflandings and exerted effort took place in the last four years before the end of the Agreement, reaching themaximum values in 1999. In fact, such peaks corresponded to an important decrease of the anchovylandings in the Gulf of Cadiz that year, the alternative fishing ground for the Barbate’s fleet. The landingsof this fleet, after its re-incorporation in 2007 have only represented the 6 percent of the 1999 landingsalthough by exerting the 22 percent of the effort applied that year.Location of Spain Small scale purse seine anchovyfishery - Moroccan Atlantic coast waters, North zoneAPPROACH: FISHING ACTIVITYFishing ActivityPurse seines: Commercial; Semi-industrial: Morocco Atlantic coast - NorthZone; Morocco; Atlantic, East …: From April to NovemberHarvested ResourceEuropean anchovyData OwnershipThis document provided, maintained and owned by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) , is part ofCECAF Fisheries Reports - Spain data collection.5000 km2000 nmiFishery Resources Monitoring System (FIRMS)Main layersFAO areas and their sub-divisionsEEZAssociated layersGeographic referenceIntersecting layersIntersecting: FAO major fishing areasBase layers200 nautical miles arcsGeographic reference:  SpainSpatial Scale: NationalEuropeanpilchard(=Sardine); Scomber mackerels nei;Jack and horse mackerels neiMeans of ProductionPurse seinersFishery Indicators: Number of vessels: Number of fishermen: Landing Volume TotalTable of ContentsOverview -  Fishery History - Fishing Activity - Post Harvest - Management - Status and Trends - Sourceof InformationHistory The fishery of small pelagic species such as anchovy and sardine in Northern Morocco has been acommon practice during centuries for vessels coming from the Southern region of the Iberian Peninsula.The enforcement of the Law of the Sea firstly led to the Spanish Fishery Administration and then to theEU (from 1988 onwards) to negotiate the access to the Moroccan fishery resources through fishingagreements. Fisheries in Morocco were closed to the European fleet by the end of November 1999. Aftersix years of closure, a new fishing agreement signed in 2006 between the Kingdom of Morocco and theEU has allowed the Andalusian purse-seine fleet based at Barbate (Cádiz, S Iberian Peninsula) to re-startits fishery in the Atlantic Moroccan waters in April 2007.Fishing ActivityType of production system: Commercial; Semi-industrial   Fishery AreaClimatic zone: Temperate.   Depth zone: Shelf (50 m - 200 m); Slope - Upperslope (200 m - 500 m).   Horizontaldistribution: Neritic.   Vertical distribution: Pelagic.  Geo References for: Morocco Atlantic coast - North ZoneMorocco Atlantic coast - North ZoneExclusive Economic Zone Areas (EEZ) MAR - MoroccoFAO Fishing Statistical Subdivisions 34.1.11 - Atlantic, East central / 34.1.11More Geo ReferencesThe following area codes have been found as intersecting the location of Spain Small scale purse seineanchovy fishery - Moroccan Atlantic coast waters, North zone2000 nmiFishery Resources Monitoring System (FIRMS)FAO Major Fishing Areas 34 - Atlantic, Eastern Central37 - Mediterranean and Black SeaLarge Marine Ecosystem Areas (LME) 26 - Mediterranean Sea27 - Canary CurrentDetails on depth zone: Shelf from 50 m to 300 m.The Moroccan Atlantic coast is part of one of the fourmajor trade-wind driven continental margin upwelling zones in the world oceans, the northwesternAfrican upwelling system (or the Canary Current System). In the Eastern Central Atlantic, thedynamics of an eastern boundary current interacting with trade wind-driven upwelling control thismarine ecosystem with exceptionally high primary and secondary productivity (Cury and Roy, 1989;Binet, 1997; Demarcq and Faure, 2000). While coastal upwelling occurs mostly on the shelf, biogenicparticles derived from upwelling are deposited mostly at the upper continental slope. Nutrient-richcoastal water is transported within the Cape Ghir filament region at 30°N up to several hundreds ofkilometers offshore. Both upwelling intensity and filament activity are dependent on the strength of thesummer Trades (Freudenthal et al., 2002).Resources ExploitedAnchovy - Morocco and MauritaniaSardine - Morocco (northern stock 35°45'-32°N)Atlantic horse mackerel - Morocco (North of 26° N)Chub mackerel - From the northern part of Morocco to Cape BojadorOther coastal small pelagics.Target SpeciesEngraulis encrasicolusFAO Names : en - European anchovy, fr - Anchois, es - Boquerón, ru - Анчоус европейскийAdultsAssociated Species (Bycatch)Sardina pilchardusFAO Names : en - European pilchard(=Sardine), fr - Sardine commune, es - Sardina europea, ar - ﺳﺮﺩﻳﻦﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ , zh - 沙丁鱼, ru - Сардина европейскаяScomber sppFAO Names : en - Scomber mackerels nei, fr - Maquereaux scomber nca, es - Caballas scomber nepTrachurus sppFAO Names : en - Jack and horse mackerels nei, fr - Chinchards noirs nca, es - Jureles nep, ru - СтавридыAdultsRelated Fisheries - Fishery(ies) switching activity seasonally or targeting thesame stockMorocco Coastal traditional purse seine sardine fishery - Northern zoneMorocco Coastal traditional purse seine sardine fishery - A zoneVessel TypeFishery Resources Monitoring System (FIRMS)Purse seinersFlag StateSpainPurse seiners. The average characteristics in the period 2007-2008 were19 m length, 47.5 GRT and366 h.p.Crew15 persons (Spanish and Moroccan nationalities) (2009)Fisherfolks CommunityBarbate (Cádiz, Andalucía, S Iberian Peninsula) and Moroccan communityFleet segmentPurse seine for small pelagic fishThe vessels which have usually been benefited from the Morocco fishery licences belong to a fleetsegment of heavy-tonnage purse-seiners based at Barbate (Cádiz, S Iberian Peninsula), the so calledBarbate’s “Traíñas”. These vessels have traditionally alternated the small pelagics fishery (mainlyanchovy) in the North West Moroccan fishing ground and that in the Spanish waters off the Gulf ofCádiz (Millán, 1992). The Barbate’s purse seine fleet was included into the categories called: “Seiners-Northern Cape Noun/North Atlantic/North” of the different agreements.Fishing GearPurse seinesSurrounding nets with purse lines (purse seines). The gear is locally called “traiña”. The main body-netis composed of a number of long and rectangular sheet nets, horizontally delimited thought all its lengthby resistant net strips. The net is vertically kept through a lead-line in the ground-rope and a buoyed linein the head-rope. The purse line, locally called “jareta”, closes the seine when the fish school issurrounded, forming a big bag with the catches inside. They used to attract the schools by usingpowerful lights that increased the fishing efficiency.SeasonalityFrom April to NovemberTrip Duration1 fishing dayPortsBarbate (Cádiz, S Iberian Peninsula)Fishery IndicatorsType Measure Value Unit Time periodNominal Effort Number of vessels 19 vessels 2007-2009Participation Number of fishermen 300 persons 2007-2009Production Landing Volume Total 1265 tonnes 2007-2009Fishery Resources Monitoring System (FIRMS)Landing Volume E. encrasicolus 904 tonnes 2007-2009Landing Volume S. pilchardus 331 tonnes 2007-2009Post Harvest Fish UtilisationFresh and salted anchovy for consumptionMarketsBarbate (Cádiz, Spain)ManagementManagement unit: NoJurisdictional frameworkManagement Body/Authority(ies): Ministère de l'Agriculture et de la Pêche Maritime.Département de la Pêche MaritimeMandate: Monitoring; Management.  Area under national jurisdiction: MoroccoMaritime Area: Exclusive Economic Zone Areas (EEZ).  Management Body/Authority(ies): European UnionMandate: Flag state responsibility for its fishing vessels operating in foreign area under nationaljurisdiction.  Area under national jurisdiction: MoroccoMaritime Area: Exclusive Economic Zone Areas (EEZ).  Legal definitionSmall-scale fishing/north: pelagic speciesManagement RegimeFisheries Partnership Agreement between the European Communities and the Kingdom of Morocco(OJ L 141, 29.5.2006, p. 1–37).Management measures of the Spanish purse seine fishery are included in the last Fisheries PartnershipAgreement between the European Community and the Kingdom of Morocco (2006) into the fishingcategory “Small-scale fishing/north: pelagic species”.Management MethodsCONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT MEASURES with focus on Effort control-Licences systemGear-related measuresFishery Resources Monitoring System (FIRMS)Gear dimension (maximum authorised dimensions of the seine net: 500 m × 90 m) and ban onfishing with “lampara” nets.Vessel-related measuresAccess control: vessel size (< 100 GT)Fishing activity-related measuresLicences, Vessel number (20), closed area (out of the area North of 34º18' and beyond 2miles) and closed season (Two months: February and March).Related Fisheries - Fishing activity(ies) managed under the same managementunit or being ruled by the same fishing agreementSpain Bottom wet fish trawler black hake fishery - Moroccan Atlantic coast waters, South 29°NMore information on fisheries legislation at: FAOLEX legislative databaseStatus and Trends The fishery was closed during the period 1999-2006. After the agreement renewal in 2007, it has beenappreciated a drop in catches, in comparison to those before 1999. This lower catches are attributed to thegeographical limitations of the new fishing agreement.Source of Information Binet, D., 1997. Climate and pelagic fisheries in the Canary and Guinea currents 1964–1993: the role oftrade winds and the southern oscillation. Ocean. Acta 20, 177–190.Cury, P. and C. Roy, 1989. Optimal environmental window and pelagic fish recruitment success inupwelling areas. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 46, 670–680.Demarcq, H. and V. Faure, 2000. Coastal upwelling and associated retention indices derived from satelliteSST. Application to Octopus vulgaris recruitment. Ocean. Acta 23, 391–408.Freudenthal, T, H. Meggers, J. Henderiks, H. Kuhlmann, A. Moreno, G. Wefer, 2002. Upwellingintensity and filament activity off Morocco during the last 250,000 years. Deep Sea Res. (II Top. Stud.Oceanogr.) 49, 17: 3655-3674.FAO, 2008. Report of the FAO Working Group on the Assessment of Small Pelagic Fish off NorthwestAfrica. Saly, Senegal, 6–15 May 2008. CECAF/ECAF Series. FAO. Roma (in press).FAO, 2009. Report of the FAO Working Group on the Assessment of Small Pelagic Fish off NorthwestAfrica. Nouakchott, Mauritania, 21-30 April 2009 . CECAF/ECAF Series. FAO. Roma (in press).García-Isarch, E., M. Millán, F. Ramos, M.T.G. Santamaría and C. Burgos, 2009. Recent past and presentof the Spanish fishery of anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) in Atlantic Moroccan waters. In: SymposiumScience and the challenge of managing small pelagic fisheries on shared stocks in Northwest Africa. 11–14 March 2008, Casablanca, Morocco. (Manuscript submitted).Ramos, F., P. Abaunza, M. Millán, E. García-Isarch y M.T.G. Santamaría, 2008. Investigations onanchovy (Engraulis Encrasicolus Linnaeus, 1758) by the IEO (Instituto Español de Oceanografía) in theNorthern and Central Easthern Atlantic. Working Group on Anchovy – Scientific Committee Morocco-EU. Nantes (France), 20-24 October, 2008.Official Journal of the European Union, 2006. Fisheries Partnership Agreement between the EuropeanCommunities and the Kingdom of Morocco. OJ L 141, 29.5.2006, p. 1–37.Fishery Resources Monitoring System (FIRMS)Pascual-Alayón, P., M.T.G. Santamaría, A. Sancho, V. Duque, E. Hernández, L. Bravo de Laguna andE. García-Isarch, 2008. Spanish Report on the activity of European pelagic trawlers fishing in Mauritaniaand landing in the port of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. In: Eighth Meeting of the FAO WorkingGroup on the Assessment of Small Pelagic Fish off Northwest Africa. Saly, Senegal, 6–15 May 2008.Millán, M., 1992. Descripción de la pesquería de cerco en la región Suratlántica española y Atlántico-Norte marroquí. Informe Técnico del Instituto Español de Oceanografía, 136: 70 pp.Fishery Resources Monitoring System (FIRMS)

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Spain Small scale purse seine anchovy fishery - Moroccan Atlantic coast waters, North zone, 2011

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