D'Aleo, G

GALIA, Alessandro

Hornung, U

Immordino, D

López Barreiro, D

SCHIAVO, Benedetto

Scialdone, O

Terranella, G

López Barreiro, D

Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università di Palermo

ure ISmistryHydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae in the presence oftransition metal saltsBenedetto Schiavo,l Giuseppe Terranella,l Dario lmmordino,l Giuseppe D'Aleo,1 Onofrio Scialdone -Diego López Barreiro,2 Ursel Hornung,3 Alessandro Galia*,1l Dipartimento lngegneria Chimica Gestionale lnformatica Meccanica, Università di Patermo, Vialeoette Scienze - Ed. 6,90128 Palermo, Italy- '. t2Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University.' Coupure Links 653,89000 Ghent, Belgium.slnstitute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe lnstitute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmhoftz-Ptatz 1, DE-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany'Biofuels represent an interesting alternative to fossil fuels as an ecologically sustainable form :renergy. In recent years, the production of liquid biofuels by different biochemical or thermochemicaprocesses has been the object of many studies.beveral pilot- and demo-scale projects for hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of terrestrial biomassstarted but different technological hurdles are still to be overcome to reach good efficiency of r,eprocesses. For example, problems must be solved concerning the effect of biomass impurities an:inhomogeneity, the pumping of the water-biomass mixture, the necessity to use corrosion resistar:materials [1].However, the continuous raise in the prices of fossil fuels and the awareness of the society challengesrelated to their use has recently driven a strong growth of interest on HTL processes performed usingas feedstock microalgae with high lipid content.In this context hydrothermal processes are suggested to be particularly apt to conve(thermochemically the microalgae avoiding the energetically expensive step of the biomass dryingSeveral studies have shown that the biocrude obtained from thermochemical liquefaction c'microalgae has a high heating value [2], although the oxygen and nitrogen content ofthe obtained bb-oil are significant.In this siudy, experiments of hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae in the presence of transitìo-metal salts were carried out to estimate their influence on the product yields.ExDeriments were carried out in batch reactor of 28 mL, filled at 70% with an algal slurry at '10 wt% c;biomass. The used algal biomass was constituted by a 7oo/o Nannochloropsis sp. and 30'"Tetrasetmis suecica mixture. Tests were carried out in subcritical condition at 325 "C with a reactro-time of 15 minutes and RhClz, NiClzand CoClz.GHzO were tested as catalyst initially dissolved in fl'r:aqueous slurry at 5 mmol/L concentration. Control tests without any added transition metal salt we=also performed for comparison.products collected at the end of each batch liquefaction experiments were distributed in four differenphases: a solid residue, an aqueous phase, a biocrude oil and a gaseous mixture. The amount, tr'Éyield and the organic content of each phase were estimated. Moreover, chromatographic analyses :fgaseous phase were performed to estimate their compositionAll investigated transition metal salts exhibited some influence on the yields of the different obtains:phases. The best results obtained till now were achieved using RhClzthat allowed us to decrease fÉyields in the aqueous phase from 55 to 51 % w/w and to increase that in bio-crude from 17 to 22',Ww. More interestingly, when RhClz was used, the detected amount of hydrogen and methane in t'Ègas mixture was about five time higher than that obtained in all other performed experiments.[1]. D. López Barreiro, W. Prins, F. Ronsse and W. Brilman, Biomass and Bioenergy, 2013 5:113-127.[2]. T.M. Brown, P. Duan and P.E. Savage, Energy e Fuel 24' 2O1O' 24' 3639-3646.Acknowledgements: the financial support of MIUR for the PRIN 2O1O-2O11 research progran' sgratefully acknowledge:auzA continuous reactiunBenedetto Schiavo.l Darc -nn:rnilmm,1 Dipartimento lngegner 3 j,-rrnirmr iAmong oleaginous crops':- ì-Etheir high lipid content. hic. rrÉm mpossìb't$ to be cu\lìvated . rmjrMfrÍùJltorrefaction and gasificatb. -,'thefeedstock can be avo,ce: I nwhole microalga as feecsi:r:rfrom the starting matrix. AL=rffnwrurthen hydrothermal treaù-:.: :' :Ematrix [3]. Due to the s-rr-:species as well as on fì€ T:|il{tî-concentration, temperatlE :ffMrfl0Ítrguarantee a conversion 3anThis aspect is still ma.= mcmmmrmr il1'desirable for biofuels lrrt*rinm mbeen used for hvdrct-€-.-n-amicroalgae and there a= :rnùi rr&xrconditions. To achieve îÉ rMil[iúttaccount, such as the t-se :the same time, the us€ r -with that containing lhe :,:-@ @(gas mixture, aqueous a.r: rrlmÍiitî:performing experiments ilrtr l**tby feeding glucose arc J,r':sn!ì s$microalgae respectivell'In the present work v,€ Èri 3xsúNannocholoropsis gac :2i.. *phases were obtained a-: tr-iÈ 'g'fMmand on the composition i:*É[1] .  L.Gouveia,A.C 3r \€]na r i[2] .  J.  Cheng, R. Huan; -  " r  "[3]. V. Patil, K.-Q. Tra- - ;Acknowledgements: the'r.r,:argratefully acknowledged.

Hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae in the presence of transition metal salts

https://iris.unipa.it/retrieve/handle/10447/103815/141794/Contribution%20Nice%202014%20-%20Poster1.pdf

Hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae in the presence of transition metal salts

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