Host genetic factors are crucial risk determinants for many human cancers. In this framework, an interesting model is
represented by prostate cancer (PC), which is featured by a complex pathophysiology with a strong genetic component. Multiple genes
seem to influence PC risk and several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of candidate genes modifying PC susceptibility have been
identified. It is noteworthy the potential association of common SNPs in pro-inflammatory genes with PC risk, since chronic
inflammation is assumed to play a key role in prostate carcinogenesis. With the aim to identify candidate genes as an experimental basis
to develop new strategies for both prevention and treatment of PC, we have investigated the potential role of common SNPs of a gene
cluster (TLR4, TLR2, PTGS2 and 5-Lo), involved in innate and inflammatory response, in PC cases, age-matched controls and
centenarians from Sicily. Six SNPs were genotyped and their association with PC risk determined. Statistical analysis evidenced a
significant association of some pro-inflammatory gene SNPs with an increased risk of PC. Furthermore, significant differences were
observed comparing the three groups in the combined presence of a \u201chigh responder\u201d pro-inflammatory profile. Overall, the present
results suggest the likely association of these SNPs and PC risk, clearly motivating the need of larger studies to confirm the role of these
genes in PC development and/or progression