Deutsch, Ferenc

Kerezsi, Viktor

Kiss, Balázs

Kontschán, Jenő

English

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REDIA, 102, 2019: 69-72a Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Researches, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1525 Budapest,P.O. Box 102, HungaryCorresponding Author: Jenő Kontschán; kontschan.jeno@agrar.mta.huKerezsi V., Kiss B., Deutsch F., Kontschan J. – First record of Blattisocius mali (Oudemans, 1929) in Hungaryassociated with the drosophilid fly Phortica semivirgo (Máca, 1977).The mite Blattisocius mali (Oudemans, 1929), as a new phoretic associate of drosophilid fly Phortica semivirgo(Máca, 1977), is firstly reported from Hungary. The host is known as a potential vector of nematode eyeworminfestation, Thelazia callipaeda Railliet & Henry, 1910.KEY WORDS: Mites, phoresis, fly.VIKTOR KEREZSI a - BALÁZS KISS a - FERENC DEUTSCH a - JENŐ KONTSCHÁN aFIRST RECORD OF BLATTISOCIUS MALI (OUDEMANS, 1929) IN HUNGARYASSOCIATED WITH THE DROSOPHILID FLY PHORTICA SEMIVIRGO (MÁCA, 1977)INTRODUCTIONThe males of drosophilid fruitflies of Phortica genus usuallyfeed on the lacrimal secretions of animals and humans and playa role in the transmission of the canine thelaziosis nematode(Thelazia callipaeda Railliet & Henry, 1910), which parasi-tizes the conjunctival sac of dogs, cats, wild carnivores andsometimes even humans (MÁCA and OTRANTO, 2014). Thiscanine thelaziosis nematode has been known as oriental eye-worm since its original geographical distribution is in the FarEast where it is widely distributed. For now, T. callipeada is inexpansion in large parts of Europe from Spain to Hungary(MARINO et al., 2018, FARKAS et al., 2018). In Europe, Phorticavariegata (Fallén, 1823) is the only confirmed vector of thecanine thelaziosis nematode, however, the other Phortica spe-cies, Ph. semivirgo (Máca, 1977), is also mentioned as a poten-tial vector (MÁCA and OTRANTO, 2014).Till today several mite species are recorded from differentgroups of flies (SAMŠIŇÁK, 1979, 1989, PEROTTI and BRAIG,2009, MUMCUOGLU and BRAVERMAN, 2010, PEREZ-LEANOSet al., 2017), but the mites associated with drosophilids arescarcely investigated. Despite the fact that the first co-occurrence of mites with drosophilid flies are known fromthe Miocene and Upper Eocene (25-40 MYA) (POINAR andGRIMALDI, 1990, ROSS 1998), only a few recent cases ofassociations are presented (POINAR and GRIMALDI, 1990,LEHTINEN and ASPI, 1992, PEREZ-LEANOS et al., 2017).In the framework of a local faunistic study on drosophilids,some mite specimens were found on the body of Phortica semi-virgo. This mite species was the blattisociid Blattisocius mali(Oudemans, 1929) which was not reported from Hungary tilltoday. The association of B. mali with drosophilid flies is poorly-known, only LEHTINEN and ASPI (1992) presented some recordsfrom Finland, but nobody found the association of this mitewith the drosophilid fly Ph. semivirgo.MATERIALS AND METHODSTwo of the three investigated female mite specimenswere found attached to two females of Phortica semivirgocollected by bottle traps containing red wine and applevinegar. The traps were installed at 56 localities inHungary. In the faunistic survey 250 Phortica individuals(88 females and 73 males of Ph. semivirgo respectively)were caught and examined. The third mite specimens wereattached to a male of Ph. semivirgo, which was caught byan insect net when approaching to human eye. Collectingdates and localities of the three mite specimens: 1) fromfemale host, 08/05/2018, Budapest (Hungary),47°22’45”N, 19°03’05E” (motorway rest area); 2) fromfemale host, 07/28/2018, Pilisvörösvár (Hungary),47°37’58N”, 18°52’55E” (forest edge); 3) from male host,09/20/2018, Budapest (Hungary), 47°32’31”N,18°56’58E” (forested area).The collected drosophilids and mites were placed in96% ethanol. Before examination, the collected miteswere separated from the flies and they were placed to aslide into lactic-acid for a few days to clear them properlyfor identification. The investigated specimens were studiedunder scientific light microscope (Leica 1000DM). Thedrawings were made by using drawing tube of LeicaDM1000. The investigated specimens are deposited in theDepartment of Zoology, Plant Protection Institute, Centrefor Agricultural Researches of Hungarian Academy ofSciences. Measurements are given in μm.RESULTSBlattisocius mali (Oudemans, 1929)(Fig. I).DIAGNOSIS – Idiosoma: Oval, color yellowish-brown,length 500-510, width 352-355. Length of legs: I 390-450,II 358-392, III 352-361, IV 474-480, chelicera: 134-136.Dorsal shield undivided and without midlateral incisions.Dorsal setae ca 48-60, smooth and needle-like, sculpturalpattern on dorsal shield reticulate (Fig. I, 1). Sternal shieldwith 3 pairs of setae, st4 situated on soft cuticle. Metas -ternal shields absent. Ventrianal shield subtriangular, itsanterior margin concave, bearing 3-4 pairs of ventral setae– Received   19 October 2018      Accepted   27 May 2019http://dx.doi.org/10.19263/REDIA-102.19.10and with one pair of adanal and one postanal setae. Adanalsetae inserted at level of posterior margin of anal opening.Peritrematic shield slender, posterior part curved andreaching to posterior margin of coxae IV (Fig. I, 2).Chelicera robust, movable digit with a bigger and asmaller tooth, fixed digit with a central tooth and afiliform pilus dentilis (Fig. I, 3). DISTRIBUTION – Europe and North-Africa (KARG, 1993),China and Taiwan (ZHANG and FAN, 2010), India (MODAKet al., 2004) and Turkey (ÇAMAK et al., 2011). This speciesis reported from North-America as well (FARRIER andHENNESSEY, 1993), originally described as Lasioseius(Paragarmania) bakeri Chant, 1958 and synonymizedwith Blattisocius mali by HAINES (1978), which was alsocollected in an association with the North-Americandrosophilid, Drosophila hexastigma Patterson &Mainland, 1944 (PEREZ-LEANOS et al., 2017).BIOLOGY – This species occurs in agricultural areas (onplants and in soil) and in natural habitats as well (KARG,1993). Very often occurs in stored product as well (e.g.apricot, fig, corn, wheat, sunflower, oat, bran, raisin,hazelnut) (ÇAMAK et al., 2011), where it is an importantpredator of pest astigmatid mites (DE MORAES et al.,2015). However, it was rarely found in association withdrosophilid flies (LEHTINEN and ASPI, 1992; CHANT, 1958,PEREZ-LEANOS et al., 2017).INFESTATION RATE – Considering all examined Phorticaspecimens, the infestation rate (2/250) was less than 1 %.Both female mite specimens were attached to the leg in thecase of female host, which is similar to observation ofLEHTINEN and ASPI (1992) in other drosophilid flies, butthe male host specimen carried its phoront on the ventralpart of thorax (Fig. II).DISCUSSIONThe mite species, Blattisocius mali was collected on thebody of the drosophilid flies, namely Drosophila littoralis70 V. KEREZSI ET AL. REDIA, Vol. 102, 2019Fig. I – Blattisocius mali, from Hungary, female, 1. dorsal view of idiosoma, 2. ventral view of idiosoma, 3. lateral view of chelicera.FIRST RECORD OF BLATTISOCIUS MALI (OUDEMANS, 1929) IN HUNGARY ASSOCIATED WITH THE DROSOPHILID FLY… 71Meigen, 1830; D. montana Stone, Griffen & Patterson, 1941;D. lummei Hackman, 1972; D. ezoana Takada & Okada, 1958;D. transversa Fallén, 1823 and D. subarctica Hackman,1969 (LEHTINEN and ASPI, 1992). These dro sophilids belongto the subfamily Drosophilinae, contrary with the Hungarianhost Phortica semivirgo which belongs to subfamily Steganinae.Our record is the first confirmed occurrence of this mite ondrosophilid fly Ph. semivirgo and it is the first record of theB. mali associated with a member of the subfamily Steganinae.The three incidences of these mites collected on Ph. semi-virgo, in contrast with the lock of such observations on thou-sands of Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) and D.melanogaster Meigen, 1830 examined under microscope inthe framework of the same projects (Kiss B., personal com-munication), may suggest that some factor specifically pre-disposes Ph. semivirgo for this type of acarian infestation.Unfortunately, the biology of Ph. semivirgo and B. mali areboth poorly known for forming more concrete hypothesis onthe nature of such potential predisposition.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis study was supported by: OTKA 108663 and NKFI-6 K119844.REFERENCESÇAMAK I., FARAJI F., ÇOBANOĞLU S., 2011 – A checklist andkey to Ascoidea and Phytoseioidea (except Phytoseiidae)species of Turkey with three new species records (Acari:Fig. II – Blattisocius mali attached to the drosophilid fly Phortica.Mesostigmata). - Türk. Entomol. Derg., 35 (4): 575-586.CHANT D.A., 1958 – Descriptions of six new species ofGarmania Nesbitt and Lasioseius Berlese (Acarina:Aceosejidae). - Can. J. Zool., 36: 383-390.DE MORAES G.J., VENANCIO R., DOS SANTOS V.L.V.,PASCHOAL D.A., 2015 – Potential of Ascidae,Blattisociidae and Melicharidae (Acari: Mesostigmata)as biological control agents of pest organisms. In:Prospects for biological control of plant feeding mites andother harmful organisms, Carrillo D., de Moraes G.J.,Peña J.E. Ed., Springer, Heidelberg, New York,Dordrecht, London, pp. 33-75.FARKAS R., TAKÁCS T., GYURKOVSZKY M., HENSZELMANNN., KISGERGELY J., BALKA GY., SOLYMOSI N., VASS A.,2018 – The first feline and new canine cases of Thelaziacallipaeda (Spirurida: Thelaziidae) infection in Hungary.- Parasites and Vectors, 11: 338.FARRIER M.H., HENNESSEY M.K., 1996 – Soil-Inhabitingand Free-living Mesostigmata (Acari-Parasitiformes)from North America. An Annotated Checklist withBibliography and Index. - Technical Bulletin 302. NorthCarolina Agricultural Service, North Carolina StateUniversity Raleigh, North Carolina, 408 pp. HAINES C.P., 1978 – A revision of the genus BlattisociusKeegan (Mesostigmtata: Ascidae) with especial referenceto B. tarsalis (Berlese) and the description of a newspecies. – Acarologia, 20 (1): 19-38.KARG W., 1993 – Raubmilben: Acari (Acarina), MilbenParasitiformes (Allactinochaeta) Cohors GamasinaLeach. - Tierwelt Deutschlands. 59. Teil. Gustav FischerVerlag Jena. 523 pp.LEHTINEN P.T., ASPI J., 1992 – A Phytoseiid miteParagarmania mali, associated with drosophilid flies.European Association of Acarologists: The acariphysiological and ecological aspects of acari-hostrelationships, Krynica, Poland, pp. 537-544.MÁCA, J., OTRANTO, D., 2014 – Drosophilidae feeding onanimals and the inherent mystery of their parasitism. -Parasites and Vectors, 7: 516.MARINO V., GÁLVEZ R., COLELLA V., SARQUIS J., CHECA R.,MONTOYA A., BARRERA J.P., DOMÍNGUEZ S., LIA R.P.,OTRANTO D., GUADALUPE M., 2018 – Detection ofThelazia callipaeda in Phortica variegata and spread ofcanine thelaziosis to new areas in Spain. - Parasites andVectors, 11: 195.MODAK A., SAHA G.K., TANDON N., GUPTA S.K., 2004 –Faunal diversity and habitat preference of house dustmites in west Bengal in relation to nasobronchial allergicdisorders. - Rec. Zool. Surv. India, 102 (1-2): 137-146. 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First record of Blattisocius mali (Oudemans, 1929) in Hungary associated with the drosopilid fly Phortica semivirgo (Máca, 1977)

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First record of Blattisocius mali (Oudemans, 1929) in Hungary associated with the drosopilid fly Phortica semivirgo (Máca, 1977)

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