Introduction: spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage is a health problem for humanity. However, the great efforts made in the field of research and therapeutics, its management constitutes a dilemma for the international medical community.Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of surgical treatment of supratentorial spontaneous lobar intracerebral hemorrhages.Methods: a quasi-experiment was carried out with a control group at the General Teaching Hospital of Morón, Ciego de Ávila province, between March 2014 and September 2017. Two groups were created, selected without matching and intentionally according to international surgical criteria. The study population was made up of 42 patients: 24 (57,14 %) in group I who received medical treatment, and 18 in group II (48,86 %), who underwent decompressive craniectomy. The chi square independence test was used to evaluate the hypothesis (significant values of p ≤ 0,05). Ethical guidelines were fulfilled. Results: in group I, the age group of 60 years and over predominated (61,53 %) and in group II, those from 30 to 49 years old (50.00%). High blood pressure as a risk factor occurred in 41,66 % of group I and in 38.88% of group II. 54.76% of the patients survived six months after discharge and 45,24 % died. The results were not statistically significant due to the low casuistry of the study.Conclusions: the surgical treatment did not present a significant level of statistical evidence regarding the decrease in mortality compared to medical treatment.Presentamos un estudio retrospectivo de 100 pacientes operados de hernia discal lumbar ingresados en el Servicio de Ortopedia y Traumatologia del Hospital General Provincial Docente de Moron; de enero/1990 a diciembre/1996. Los objetivos fueron exponer las técnicas quirúrgicas , la positividad de las maniobras del segmento lumbosacro, los complementarios realizados, la ocupación laboral y las complicaciones postoperatorias.Los grupos de edad más afectos fueron de 31 -40 años (34 %) y de 41-50 años (28 %). Los obreros agrícolas (27 %) y los estibadores (23 %) predominaron. La hernia discal L5-S1 predominó (68 %).La mielografia lumbar y la TAC fueron positivas en 82,3 % y 74,1 %. Las maniobras de distensión radicular fueron positivas en 100%. La hemilaminectomia y la fenestración fueron los procederes empleados en 45 % y 38 % La sepsis se observó en 6 % y el 5 % de los casos fueron reintervenidos.Los resultados finales fueron Satisfactorios en 86 % y No satisfactorios en 14 % de los casos
