A tanulmány a Villányi-hegység talajait mutatja be topográfiai helyzetük és az antropogén hatás változó erősségének tükrében a WRB osztályozás alapján

Czigány, Szabolcs

Fábián, Szabolcs

Nagy, Gábor

Novák, Tibor József

Repository of the Academy's Library

   Fig. 1. Location of the Villány Hills    Profile 1 – Endocalcaric Cambisol (Siltic, Ochric) Localization: Southern slope – inclination 10 , under closed canopy forest, 205 m a.s.l.,                          N 45°52'45.19" E 18°18'57.67"        Ah     Bw    BC    C       Morphology: – 0–10 cm humus horizon, silt loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2 – moist) angular–subangular, blocky and granular fine–very fine structure, many roots, gradual and smooth boundary;  – 10–40 cm, cambic horizon, silt loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4 –  moist), angular–subangular blocky, fine structure, few roots, gradual and smooth boundary; – 40–65 cm, transitional horizon, silt loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4 – moist), angular blocky, medium structure, few roots, gradual and smooth boundary; – 65–(80), parent material, loess, silt loam, light olive brown (2.5 Y 5/4 – moist), angular blocky, fine–medium structure;          Table 1. Texture  Horizon Depth  [cm] Percentage share of fraction [mm] Textural class 2.0–0.5 0.5–0.2 0.2–0.1 0.1–0.05 0.05–0.02 0.02–0.01 0.01–0.005 0.005– 0.002 0.002– 0.001 <0.001 Ah 0–10 0.0 0.0 5.4 11.3 41.6 17.8 9.4 5.7 2.8 6.0 SiL Bw 10–40 0.0 0.0 2.1 8.6 34.6 12.6 8.2 9.2 5.6 18.9 SiL BC 40–65 0.0 0.0 5.8 5.3 36.4 17.4 9.7 7.9 5.2 12.3 SiL C 65–(80) 0.0 0.0 2.8 8.7 43.6 20.3 9.4 6.7 2.3 6.2 SiL   Table 2. Chemical and physicochemical properties  Horizon Depth [cm] OC [g∙kg–1] pH CaCO3 [g∙kg–1] H2O KCl Ah 0–10 85.1 7.0 6.8 1.53 Bw 10–40 9.3 7.4 6.9 1.44 BC 40–65 8.4 7.6 7.1 1.93 C 65–(80) 5.2 8.0 7.5 2.58     Profile 2 – Somerirendzic Leptosol (Humic, Siltic)  Location: karstic surface with limestone blocks on surface, edge of a quarry, summit, inclination 3 , 191 m a.s.l.,                   N 45°53'06.2" E 18°13'53.7"       Ah    ABw     R CR    R      Morphology: – 0–15 cm, shallow humus rich horizon mollic, silt loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2), slightly moist, medium moderate granular structure, very fine abundant  roots, gradual and smooth boundary; – 15–28 cm, cambic horizon with high content of calcium carbonates, silt loam, dark brown  (7.5YR 3/3), slightly moist, medium moderate granular structure, fine abundant roots, abrupt and smooth boundary;  – 28–42 cm, bedrock, (limestone); – 42– 65 cm, cambic horizon, silt loam, brown (5.5YR 4/8, 7.5YR 4/4), slightly moist, coarse strong angular structure, many clay coatings, fine and very few roots, clear and wavy boundary; – 65 cm, bedrock (limestone, dolomite);  Heterogeneous spatial distribution due to limestone outcrops: Alternative horizonation:  Ah, ABw, C, BwC, R      Table 3. Texture of profile 2 Horizon Depth [cm] Percentage share of fraction [mm] Textural class 2.0–0.5 0.5–0.2 0.2–0.1 0.1–0.05 0.05–0.02 0.02–0.01 0.01–0.005 0.005– 0.002 0.002– 0.001 <0.001 Ah 0–15 3.5 5.5 6.3 13.3 23.2 15.0 14.5 13.6 4.4 0.7 SiL ABw 15–28 2.0 10.2 5.6 13.4 22.6 14.5 13.8 13.0 4.3 0.64 SiL CR 42–65 10.8 3.2 0.5 5.2 14.3 23.7 26.1 11.3 3.2 1.8 SiL  Table 4. Chemical and physicochemical properties of profile 2 Horizon Depth [cm] OC [g∙kg–1] pH CaCO3 [g∙kg–1] H2O KCl Ah 0–15 7.22 7.7 7.2 280.2 ABw 15–28 2.75 7.8 7.2 333.5 CR 42–65 0.13 8 7.4 804.6       Profile 3 – Haplic Luvisol (Aric, Colluvic, Cutanic, Humic, Pantosiltic, Protocalcic)  Localization: Mid slope – inclination 5 , fallow, formerly vineyard, 154 m a.s.l.,                         N 45˚52’23.6’’  E 18˚19’11.2’’        Ap     Ah    Ah2    Btg      Bw    C   Morphology: – 0–20 cm, humus horizon, colluvial material, silt loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4 –  moist), angular–polyhedric blocky, platy, fine to medium, strong, compacted structure, distinct carbonates, clear and smooth boundary; – 20–40 cm, humus horizon, colluvial material, silt loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4 – moist), angular–subangular blocky fine–very fine structure, clear and smooth boundary; – 40–55 cm, humus horizon, colluvial material, silt loam,  dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4 – moist), angular blocky, fine structure, clear and smooth boundary; – 55–165 cm, argic horizon, colluvial material, silt loam, stagnic pattern – dark yellowish brown, dark brown, very dark grayish brown (10YR 4/4, 10YR 3/3, 10YR 3/2 – moist) angular blocky, fine to medium structure, clear and smooth boundary; – 165–200 cm, colluvial material, silt loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4 – moist), angular blocky, fine to medium structure, gradual and smooth boundary; – 200–(220) cm, silt loam, light olive brown  (2.5 Y 5/4 – moist), distinct carbonates;        Table 5. Texture of profile 3 Horizon Depth [cm] Percentage share of fraction [mm] Textural class > 2.0 2.0–0.63 0.63–0.2 0.2–0.1 0.1–0.05 0.05–0.02 0.02–0.01 0.01–0.005 0.005–0.002 < 0.002 Ap 0–20 0.00 0.00 13.0 5.6 14.5 28.7 13.7 11.7 8.9 3.9 SiL Ah 20–40 0.00 0.00 11.2 15.9 19.0 27.4 9.8 8.0 5.9 2.8 SiL Ah2 40–55 0.00 0.00 5.3 9.2 17.5 31.8 13.6 10.9 7.9 3.8 SiL Bt 55–165 0.00 0.00 5.2 7.3 4.3 32.1 13.9 11.5 8.7 4.0 SiL Bw 165–200 0.00 0.00 0.4 3.7 19.7 36.2 14.8 11.8 8.8 4.6 SiL C 200–(220) 0.00 0.00 0.3 3.9 20.2 35.8 15.0 12.0 8.4 4.4 SiL  Table 6. Chemical and physicochemical properties of profile 3 Horizon Depth [cm] OC [g∙kg–1] P [mg∙kg–1] Conductivity [μS/cm] Salts [m/m%] pH CaCO3 [g∙kg–1] H2O KCl Ap 0–20 16.1 1070 344 0.03 7.1 7.4 89.6 Ah 20–40 14.0 741 314 <0.02 7.2 6.9 110.0 Ah2 40–55 11.1 592 311 <0.02 7.2 7.5 123.7 Bt 55–165 10.5 – 323 <0.02 7.2 6.9 90.9 Bw 165–200 10.3 – 310 <0.02 7.1 7.4 79.4 C 200–(220) – – 306 <0.02 7.9 7.5        Profile 4 – Calcaric Luvisol (Aric, Colluvic, Cutanic, Humic, Pantosiltic)  Location: foot slope – inclination 3 , vineyard, slope 124 m a.s.l.,                         N 45°52'05.6"  E 18°18'34.4"        Ap         Ah    Bt    Ck                Morphology: – 0–20 cm silt loam, brown (10YR 4/3 – moist), strong angular blocky/granular fine structure, very few roots, clear and smooth boundary; – 20–60 cm, horizon, colluvic material, sandy silt loam, brown (10YR 4/3 moist), strong angular blocky structure, few roots, clear and smooths boundary; – 60–140 cm, argic horizon with distinct and common cutans, silt loam, brown (7.5 YR 4/4 – moist) strong angular blocky structure, very few roots; – 140–(160) cm, parent material with primary and secondary carbonates, silt loam, brown (7.5 YR 4/4 – moist) medium angular blocky structure, very few roots;       Table 7. Texture of profile 4 Horizon Depth  [cm] Percentage share of fraction [mm] Textural class > 2.0 2.0–0.63 0.63–0.2 0.2–0.1 0.1–0.05 0.05–0.02 0.02–0.01 0.01–0.005 0.005–0.002 < 0.002 Ap 0–20 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.0 10.4 29.8 21.3 19.3 13.3 4.9 SiL Ah 20–60 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.4 18.5 37.8 16.0 12.3 8.9 4.1 SiL Bt 60–140 0.00 0.00 0.8 2.6 14.3 34.2 17.3 14.5 11.1 5.2 SiL Ck 140–(160) 0.00 0.00 0.3 4.0 20.2 35.8 14.9 12.0 8.4 4.4 SiL   Table 8. Chemical and physicochemical properties of profile 4 Horizon Depth  [cm] OC  [g∙kg–1] Conductivity [μS/cm] pH CaCO3 [g∙kg–1] H2O KCl Ap 0–20 18.3 326 6.8 6.7 52.4 Ah 20–60 12.9 322 6.8 7.0 62.2 Bt 60–140 11.5 324 6.8 6.5 62.6 Ck 80–100 4.3 214 6.5 6.1 72.2       Fig. 2. Topo-lithosequence of soils in the southern slopes of the Villány Hills near Siklós, Hungary    Trigonella gladiata and°        

Soils of the southern slopes of the Villány Hills, SW Hungary

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Soils of the southern slopes of the Villány Hills, SW Hungary

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