Author examined the macrolepidopterous fauna of the Western Mecsek Landscape Protecion area and
environs since the year 1965. He collected and studied the butterflies and larger moths of at least forty sites by
diurnal collection, on lamps or by semiautomathic light traps. 763 species were detected, 74 of them are protected
by law. Two species are protected to a greater extent: Arytrura musculus (Ménétriés, 1859) and Iolana iolas
(Ochsenheimer, 1816). A. musculus was proved during the last decade only, and did not become a frequent species,
while I. iolas was more frequent forty or fifty years ago. The biotopes of latter species have been decreased
due both to the expansion of inhabited area and the change the vegetation. Population of several other protected
and non-protected species have decreased or those disappeared. There are some, but fewer species which
appeared during the last 20…30 years, and they became more or less frequent nowadays. All the collected species
of the author and their collecting sites are listed. The protected species were shown by a larger table. The map of
collecting sites and some biotope photos were also presented, further pictures of some protected species completed
the paper
