Algorithmes et outils informatiques pour l’analyse d’images couleur. Application à l’étude de coupes histologiques de baies de raisin en microscopie optique
Colour is not a physical characteristic of objects nor of light; it exists only because of our sense of sight. Its characterisation is not a simple task and it is the topic of a great deal of current rechearch. Colour images do not directly allow the use of treatment methods employed with grey level images and therefore require specific approaches and algorithms. The recent increase in microcomputer performance has allowed us to design a software platform specifically dedicated to research on colour image analysis and its applications. As part of this platform, we developed an original algorithm which considerably reduces, without loss, the amount of memory required to store multidimensional image histograms. We propose a new unsupervised classification method founded on hierarchical analysis of 2-D histograms. This method has proved its efficiency in segmenting colour images which have a high level of variability both spatially and colorimetrically. We applied methods and tools developed to the image analysis of histological cuts of grapes observed in optical microscopy. Our results show the significant influence of soil on localisation and appearance of the polyphenols in grapes.
