Ahtikoski, Anssi

Pappinen, Ari

Peltola, Rainer

Vanhanen, Henri

Jukuri

Cultivation of Pakuri (Inonotus obliquus) - potential for new income source for forest owners

Cultivation of Pakuri (Inonotus obliquus) –Potential for new income source for forest owners.Henri Vanhanen1*, Rainer Peltola2,  Ari Pappinen3 and Anssi Ahtikoski41 MTT ‐ Agrifood Research Finland, Sotkamo research station, Kipinäntie 16, 88600 Sotkamo, Finland, 2 MTT ‐ Agrifood Research Finland, Rovaniemi research station, Eteläranta 55, 96300 Rovaniemi, 3 UEF – University of Eastern Finland, School of Forest Sciences, Yliopistokatu 7, 80101 Joensuu, Finland, 4 METLA – Finnish Forest Research Institute, PL 413, 90014 University of Oulu* henri.vanhanen@mtt.fiJOHDANTO MULTIPLE USE OF FORESTSPakuri (Inonotus obliquus) (Hymenochaetaceae) is a pathogen livingon broadleaved trees. In Finland it occurs mainly on birch (Betulasp.), but as well on other trees belonging to Betulaceae, and on aspen(Populus tremula) (Salicaceae). In Finland it infects trees that aredamaged by frost or mechanical damage.In Finland Pakuri is known from Tikka-tea which is made out of asterile conk (Picture 1 ) which pakuri forms on a tree The tradition ofThe cultivation of Pakuri is especially suited for areas which are lowyielding in terms of forestry. These are areas where tree growth onaverage is at least 0.1 m3/ha, but not more than 0.9-1 m3/ha. Suchforests are abundant especially in eastern and northern parts ofFinland. In Lapland there are 4 171 000 hectares of such forests andin Eastern Finland (Kainuu and North Karelia) 438 000 hectares.. .using Tikka-tea ceased in Finland for several decades among widerpublic, but it is now experiencing a growing trend in Finland. In Asiaand Russia where pakuri is known as Chaga, the use as tea and folkremedy has long traditions which never ceased.Although being an effective pathogen in forests managed for timber,plywood and pulp production, its value can exceed almost tenfold thevalue of the tree which it grows on if sold as a raw material fori i l f l Th i i i fIn Finland the price of birch pulpwood has been 11,5 €/m3 atlowest and 17,5 €/m3 at highest between 1995 and 2011. For sawtimber 34,0 €/m3 at lowest and 52 €/m3 at highest (MTK 2011)The price of dried Pakuri has varied between 50 to 100 €/kg. Bysimple refining, drying and grinding for tea use its price can varyfrom 130 to 320 € /kgnutr ceut ca s, or examp e. ere s a grow ng nterest among orestowners to cultivate Pakuri. Therefore MTT and UEF launched aproject that aims to develop methods for cultivation.Birch infected with Inonotus obliquus can produce several sterileconks.In theory with the use of efficient cultivation methods, a singlebirch could produce several kilograms of Pakuri.AIMS OF THE PROJECTDevelop methods to  for large scale cultivation of PakuriPromote the use of low yielding forests  for nature product productionDo an estimate of prospective profit  of the cultivationAid forest  owners in marketing the products by networking producers, refiners and marketsProduce information and manual for forest owners and nature IN BRIEFEven organized collection of Pakuri from forests would bring extraincome for natural product producers, but it would be difficult tobuild stable production chain relying on scarce resource.Developing methods for Pakuri cultivation and success in it wouldoffer both prominent way to use low yielding forests to productionand stable resource for refiners of Pakuri It would create newproduct producers how to cultivate  and refine Pakuri..business to NTFP (Non-Timber Forest Product)-sector in Finland.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTRaha Rääseikkö – Cultivation of Pakuri project is funded by severalLeader LAGs (Local Action Group): Joensuu Area, Vaara-Karjala,Veej´jakaja Elävä Kainuu Oulujärvi Myötäle Nouseva, , , ,Rannikkoseutu, Outokaira tuottamhan and Pohjoisimman Lapin fromthe Rural Development Programme for Mainland Finland as well asFinnish Cultural Foundation's Lapland Regional Fund.Picture 1. Pakuri, a sterile conk of Inonotus obliquus. Photographer: Kai Pulkkinen.

Cultivation of Pakuri (Inonotus obliquus) -Potential for new income source for forest owners.

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