An Almost Integration-free Approach to Ordered Response Models

Abstract

In this paper we propose an alternative approach to the estimation of ordered response models. We show that the Probit-method may be replaced by a simple OLS-approach, called P(robit)OLS, without any loss of efficiency. This method can be generalized to the analysis of panel data. For large-scale examples with random fixed effects we found that computing time was reduced from 90 minutes to less than one minute. Conceptually, the method removes the gap between traditional multivariate models and discrete variable modelsCategorical data; Ordered probit model; Ordered response models; Subjective data; Subjective well-being