Eriko Sawabe

Haruko Umeda

Kunio T. Takahashi

Mitsuo Fukuchi

National Institute of Polar Research Repository

Plankton sampling on board Shirase in 1997-2001 -NORPAC standard net samples-Eriko Sawabe1, Kunio T. Takahashi2, Haruko Umeda2* and Mitsuo Fukuchi2 1 Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7, Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477 2National Institute of Polar Research, 9-10, Kaga 1-chome, Jtabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8515 Every austral summer (December-March), plankton samplings have been carried out in the Indian Ocean sector of the Southern Ocean as a part of the routine marine biology surveys of the Japanese Antarctic Research Expeditions (JARE). The samplings were conducted on board the icebreaker Fuji during JARE-14--24 (1972-1983) as reported by Fukuchi and Tanimura (1981) and Watanabe et al. (1984). The icebreaker Shirase was launched in 1983 and the samplings have been continued. Details of sampling information and data of wet weight of plankton samples in JARE-25-37 (1983-1996) have been published (Takahashi et al., 1997). Several kinds of plankton nets were used on board the icebreaker Shirase and vertical hauls by NORPAC standard net (North Pacific standard net) have been routinely and frequently carried out. This report presents the data records of the NORPAC standard net vertical hauls during JARE-38�2 (1997-2001). A twin NORPAC standard net, made of nylon bolting cloth NGG 54 (0.33 mm mesh openings) and NXX 13 (0.11 mm mesh openings), was used at all sampling stations. The net was hauled vertically at a speed ca. 1 mis, mostly from a depth of 150 m. All samples obtained were preserved in 5-10% buffered formalin sea water immediately on board. The volumes of water filtered through each net were estimated from a flow-meter which was mounted at the center of the mouth ring of each net. However, it was estimated by assuming 100% efficiency of the net when the flow-meter data were not available, i.e. when a flow-meter did not work properly because of some trouble, or flow-meter calibration data were not available. Sampling stations during 1997-2001 (JARE-38-42) are shown in Figs. 1-5, and the data are listed in Tables 1-5. *Present address: Hokkaido National Fisheries Research Institute, 116, Katsurakoi, Kushiro 085-0802. -1-Samplings during each cruise were carried out by the following members who participated in JARE and acknowledgments are given to these persons listed below. JARE (Year) JARE-38 (1996/97) JARE-39 (1997/98) JARE-40 (1998/99) JARE-41 (1999/2000) JARE-42 (2000/01) Name of members Affiliations * T. Odate Hokkaido University A. Ishikawa Mie University N. Washiyama J. Nishikawa S. Kudoh K. Watanabe H. Umeda C. Hamada Y. Tsuchiya S. Ban W. Okoshi T. Hirawake Ryokuseisha Corporation Tokyo University of Fisheries National Institute of Polar Research National Institute of Polar Research The Graduate University for Advanced Studies Nichiyu Giken Kogyo Co., LTD. Tsukuba University Hokkaido University Tohoku University National Institute of Polar Research * Affiliations are as of the year they were on board. Before using the data for publication or presentation, please request permission in writing. Inquiries about details of the data record should be addressed to: Mitsuo Fukuchi, Professor National Institute of Polar Research 9-10, Kaga 1-chome, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8515, Japan Phone: +81-3-3962-6031, Facsimile: +81-3-3962-4914 E-mail: fukuchi@nipr.ac.jp References Fukuchi, M. and Tanimura, A. (1981): Plankton samplings on board Fuji in 1972-1980. JARE Data Rep., 60 (Mar. Biol. 1 ), 27 p. Watanabe, K., Nakajima, Y., Ino, Y., Sasaki, H. and Fukuchi, M. (1984): Plankton samplings on board Fuji in 1980-1983. JARE Data Rep., 90 (Mar. Biol. 5), 11 p. Takahashi, K., Tanimura, A. and Fukuchi, M. ( 1997): Plankton sampling on board Shirase in 1983-1996 -NORPAC standard net samples-. JARE Data Rep., 224 (Mar. Biol. 28), 35 p. - 2 40°s 40°E 60°E 80°E 100°E 120°E 140°E Fig. l .  Sampling stations during JARE-38 i n  1996/1997. 11: December, e: March. 60°S l"'r-�--t-��+--�-i-�- ·-�--+-B St. 6 8 40°E 78 8 60°E 80°E 100°E 120°E Fig. 2. Sampling stations during JARE-39 in March 1998. 3 -140°E 160°E 160°E 40°E 60°E 80°E 100°E 120°E 140°E Fig. 3. Sampling stations during JARE-40 in 1998/1999. a: December, e: March. 6-1 60°S l"'l-----+----+---1----+-- ri ---+---+---7 6 2  60°E 80°E 100°E 120°E 140°E Fig. 4. Sampling stations during JARE-41 in 1999/2000. 11: December, It.: February,•: March. -4-160°E 160°E 40°E 60°E 80°E 100°E 120°E 140°E Fig. 5. Sampling stations during JARE-42 in 2000/2001. a: December, •: March. - 5 -160°E Table 1. Data on plankton collected by vertical hauls with NORPAC twin standard net in the JARE-38 cruise of the Shirase to the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean, December 1996 - March 1997. Samplings were carried out by T. Odate. Stn. No. Position Ship's time Length Angle Estimated Flow-meter Estimated Wet weight Wet weight Mesh size Sample No. (LMT) of wire of wire depth of No. Revolutions volume of water of sample in of sample per (µm) Date time (m) (0) haul (m) filtered (m3) a haul (mg) m3 (mg) 41 °56'S Dec. 5 1226 202 42 150 2469 4518 36.14 767 21.2 330 38N001 109°58'E 2473 4060 34.51 2742 79.5 IIO 38N002 3 52°19•s Dec. 8 1212 181 34 150 2469 3608 28.86 5000 173.2 330 38N003 1 l0°02'E 2473 3405 28.94 10846 374.7 110 38N004 4 57°28'S Dec. 9 1206 181 34 150 2469 3052 24.42 3547 145.3 330 38N005 108°13'E 2473 2668 22.68 9368 413.1 110 38N006 5 60°05'S Dec. 10 0837 171 34 150 2469 2935 23.48 2253 96.0 330 38N007 105°52'E 2473 2781 23.64 4440 187.8 110 38N008 13 63°30'S Mar. 7 1228 181 34 150 2469 2780 22.24 12964 582.9 330 38N009 l 18°50'E 2473 2508 21.32 26267 1232.1 IIO 38N010 13' 63°50'S Mar. 8 1306 150 3 150 2469 2508 20.06 2396 119.4 330 38N01 l 126°42'E 2473 2257 19.18 8733 455.2 110 38N012 14 64°04'S Mar. 9 1300 160 28 150 2469 2889 23.11 7947 343.8 330 38N013 130°36'E 2473 2052 17.44 20471 1173.7 110 38N014 15 65°00'S Mar. 11 1303 180 44 150 2469 3178 25.42 887 34.9 330 38N015 140°06'E 2473 3042 25.86 2222 85.9 110 38N016 16 64°58'S Mar. 12 1308 157 24 150 2469 2569 20.55 1640 79.8 330 38N017 146°58'E 2473 2227 18.93 7387 390.2 110 38N018 Table 1. Continued. Stn. No. Position Ship's time Length Angle Estimated Flow-meter Estimated Wet weight Wet weight Mesh size Sample No. (LMT) of wire of wire depth of No. Revolutions volume of water of sample in of sample per (µm) Date time (m) (°) haul (m) filtered (m3) a haul (mg) m3 (mg) 17 60°35'S Mar. 14 1304 152 14 150 2469 2198 17.58 4013 228.2 330 38N019 147°09'E 2473 2088 17.75 10537 593.7 110 38N020 17 60°35'S Mar. 14 1336 153 16 150 2469 2182 17.46 5129 293.8 330 38N021 147°09'E 2473 2050 17.43 9368 537.6 110 38N022 18 55°47'S Mar. 16 1305 162 30 150 2469 3300 26.40 147°02'E 2473 4640 39.44 19 51 °30'S Mar. 17 1401 181 34 150 2469 4205 33.64 5529 164.4 330 38N023 147°00'E 2473 4093 34.79 7529 216.4 110 38N024 Table 2. Data on plankton collected by vertical hauls with NORPAC twin standard net in the JARE-39 cruise of the Shirase to the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean, March 1998. Samplings were carried out by A. Ishikawa and N. Washiyama. Stn. No. Position Ship's time Length Angle Estimated Flow-meter Estimated Wet weight Wet weight Mesh size Sample No. (LMT) of wire of wire depth of No. Revolutions volume of water of sample in of sample per (µm) Date time (m) (0) haul (m) filtered (m3) a haul (mg) m3 (mg) 6 63°28'S Mar. I 1326 185 36 150 2473 2920 43.38 3996 92.1 330 39St.6GG54 54°19'E 2469 2983 43.59 17348 398.0 110 39St.6:XX13 7 62°53'S Mar. 2 1331 150 6 150 2473 1900 28.23 355 12.6 330 39St.7GG54 65°35'E 2469 1776 25.95 380 14.6 110 39St.7:X.Xl 3  B 62°35'S Mar. 3 1425 150 25 150 2473 2086 30.99 3947 127.4 330 39St.BGG54 72°09'E 2469 2054 30.02 - - 110 8 61 °18'S Mar. 4 0825 181 34 150 2473 3654 54.28 11072 204.0 330 39St.8GG54 79°59'E 2469 3712 54.24 - - 110 A 59°56'S Mar. 5 0823 177 32 150 2473 2622 38.95 4897 125.7 330 39St.AGG54 85°29'E 2469 1749 25.56 26857 1050.8 110 39St.AXX13 9 62°54'S Mar. 6 1314 151 8 150 2473 1710 25.40 3092 121.7 330 39St.9GG54 88°54'E 2469 1631 23.83 10925 458.4 110 39St.9:XX13 10 63°27'S Mar. 8 1312 209 44 150 2473 1244 18.48 - - 330 103°0 l'E 2469 2295 33.54 264 7.9 110 39St.10:XX13 11 63°29'S Mar. 9 1319 190 38 150 2473 4418 65.63 - - 330 113°21 'E 2469 3722 54.39 22407 412.0 110 39St.l l:XX13 12 63°30'S Mar. 10 1312 167 26 150 2473 2698 40.08 4702 117.3 330 39St.12GG54 120°2 l'E 2469 2165 31.64 34794 1099.8 110 39St.12:XX13 Table 2. Continued. Stn. No. Position Ship's time Length Angle Estimated Flow-meter Estimated Wet weight Wet weight Mesh size Sample No. (LMT) of wire of wire depth of No. Revolutions volume of water of sample in of sample per (µm) Date time (m) (°) haul (m) filtered (m3) a haul (mg) m3 (mg) 13 63°29'S Mar. 11 1320 151 8 150 2473 3529 52.43 3197 61.0 330 39St.13GG54 131 °04'E 2469 - - - 110 14 63°3l'S Mar. 12 1325 233 50 150 2473 7086 105.27 6264 59.5 330 39St.14GG54 140°05'E 2469 6963 101.75 12012 118.1 110 39St.14XX13 16 60°57'S Mar. 14 1313 202 42 150 2473 3795 56.38 3468 61.5 330 39St.16GG54 149°59'E 2469 3668 53.60 5325 99.3 110 39St.16XX13 17 56°25'S Mar. 15 1333 196 40 150 2473 4057 60.27 2372 39.4 330 39St.17GG54 150°00'E 2469 3718 54.33 956 17.6 110 39St.17XX13 19 45°56'S Mar. 17 1310 216 46 150 2473 5286 78.53 25705 327.3 330 39St.19GG54 150°00'E 2469 5322 77.77 33124 425.9 110 39St.19XX13 Table 3. Data on plankton collected by vertical hauls with NORPAC twin standard net in the JARE-40 cruise of the Shirase to the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean, December 1998 - March 1999. Samplings were carried out by J. Nishikawa, S. Kudoh and K. Watanabe. Stu. No. Position Ship's time Length Angle Estimated Flow-meter Estimated Wet weight Wet weight Mesh size Sample No. (LMT) of wire of wire depth of No. Revolutions volume of water of sample in of sample per (µm) Date time (m) (0) haul (m) filtered (m3) a haul (mg) m3 (mg) 43°32•s Dec. 5 1425 209 44 150 1234 4360 69.31 5187 74.8 330 40N001G 110 °00'E 1434 1526 4133 65.70 5025 76.5 110 40N001X 2 47°43'S Dec. 6 1436 164 24 150 1234 3341 53.11 1962 36.9 330 40N002G 110 °0 l'E 1443 1526 2210 35.13 11284 321.2 110 40N002X 3 52°55'S Dec. 7 1416 185 36 150 1234 3748 59.58 - 330 110 °0 l'E 1425 1526 3619 57.53 34872 606.2 110 40N003X ...... 4 58°01'5 Dec. 8 1428 209 43 150 1234 2809 44.65 2796 62.6 330 40N004G 0 110 °0l'E 1438 1526 3039 48.31 4427 91.6 110 40N004X 5 59°59'5 Dec. 9 0835 162 22 150 1234 1990 31.63 1080 34.2 330 40N005G 103 °54'E 0842 1526 1909 30.35 3380 111.4 110 40N005X A 59°59'5 Dec. 10 1810 213 45 150 1234 4732 75.22 5948 79. l 330 40N006G 86°00'E 1820 1526 2963 47.10 14437 306.5 110 40N006X B-1 61 °18'S Dec. 11 1015 187 37 150 1234 4170 66.29 88520 1335.4 330 40N007G 80°03'E 1024 1526 2715 43.16 1893 43.9 110 40N007X 7 65°14'S Mar. 1 0943 160 20 150 1234 2306 36.66 2137 58.3 330 40N008G 77 °25'E 0952 1526 2788 44.32 3206 72.3 110 40N008X B-2 61 °18'5 Mar. 4 1601 153 12 150 1234 1881 29.90 - 330 80°04'E 1609 1526 1812 28.80 3830 133.0 110 40N009X Table 3. Continued. Stn. No. Position Ship's time Length Angle Estimated Flow-meter Estimated Wet weight Wet weight Mesh size Sample No. (LMT) of wire of wire depth of No. Revolutions volume of water of sample in of sample per (µm) Date time (m) co) haul (m) filtered (m1) a haul (mg) mi (mg) 8 62°56'S Mar. 9 1337 177 32 150 1234 3232 51.38 3089 60.1 330 40N010G 128°17'E 1341 1526 2823 44.88 6163 214.0 110 40N0010X 11 51 °56'S Mar. 16 1430 300 60 150 1844 7884 125.33 6316 50.4 330 40N013X 150°09'E 1445 1834 8432 134.04 3392 75.6 110 40N013G 12 47°49'S Mar. 17 1416 283 58 150 1844 (3)7165 113.90 6507 57.1 330 40NOI4X 150°09'E 1430 1835 7031 103.03 1649 16.0 110 40N014G ...... ...... Table 4. Data on plankton collected by vertical hauls with NORPAC twin standard net in the JARE-41 cruise of the Shirase to the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean, December 1999 - March 2000. Samplings were carried out by H. Umeda, C. Hamada and Y. Tsuchiya. Stn. No. Position Ship's time Length Angle Estimated Flow-meter Estimated Wet weight Wet weight Mesh size Sample No. (LMT) of wire of wire depth of No. Revolutions volume of water of sample in of sample per (µm) Date time (m) (0) haul (m) filtered (m3) a haul (mg) m3 (mg) 42°05•s Dec. 5 1448 170 28 150 2469 3634 53.99 17738 328.55 330 41N001 l l0°00'E 2471 3043 31.48 1401 44.49 110 41N002 2 46°2l 'S Dec. 6 1418 181 35 150 2469 2800 41.60 8783 211.15 330 41N003 110°00'E 2471 1860 19.24 7565 393.15 110 41N004 3 50°31 •s Dec. 7 1427 181 34 150 2469 3640 54.08 77077 1425.35 330 41N005 109°58'E 2471 3851 39.84 83870 2105.30 110 41N006 ,_. 4 55°04'S Dec. 8 1419 177 32 150 2469 4050 60.17 3884 64.55 330 41N007 N 109°59'E 2471 3851 39.84 12206 306.39 110 41N008 5 59°44'S Dec. 9 1439 178 34 150 2469 2260 33.57 2514 74.89 330 41N009 109°53'E 2471 3851 39.84 2144 53.83 110 41N010 6-1 61 °21 ·s Dec. 13 1149 174 30 150 2469 1884 27.99 - - 330 80°02'E 2471 1720 17.79 36942 2076.21 110 4I N012 7 62°2o·s Dec. 17 1147 152 8 150 2469 1586 23.56 - - 330 39°00'E 2471 1126 11.65 7142 613.17 110 41N014 7 62°2o·s Dec. 17 1012 1000 1 1000 2473 10481 155.71 - 330 39°00'E 2470 10492 110.82 - 110 7 62°20'S Dec. 17 1120 500 0 500 2470 5452 57.59 3095 53.74 330 41N016A 39°00'E 2473 5250 77.99 - - 110 Table 4. Continued. S1n. No. Position Ship's time Length Angle Estimated Flow-meter Estimated Wet weight Wet weight Mesh size Sample No. (LMT) of wire of wire depth of No. Revolutions volume of water of sample in of sample per (µm) Date time (m) (0) haul (m) filtered (m1) a haul (mg) m1 (mg) 8 67°27'S Feb. 17 1503 186 40 150 2471 2730 28.24 - - 330 38°58'E 2469 1793 26.64 4339 162.90 110 41N018 8 Feb. 17 1520 1700 55 1000 2470 10565 111.59 23269 208.52 330 41N019A 2473 9523 141.47 - - 110 8 Feb. 17 1634 860 55 500 2470 3665 38.71 5937 153.36 330 41N020A 2473 3855 57.27 - - 110 9N 66°36'S Feb. 17 2337 2000 60 1000 2470 5430 57.35 5261 91.72 330 41N023A ..... 38°56'E 2473 12690 188.52 - 110 \.;.) 9N Feb. 18 102 860 55 500 2470 6168 65.15 19310 296.39 330 41N024A 2473 6116 90.86 - 110 9N Feb. 18 149 195 41 150 2471 3368 34.84 3972 114.00 330 41N022 2469 3660 54.37 7692 141.46 110 41N023 9D 66°38'S Feb. 18 1108 165 25 150 2471 2286 23.65 2944 124.51 330 41N025 38°52'E 2469 1695 25.18 4052 160.91 110 41N026 9D Feb. 18 1126 670 42 500 2470 6648 70.22 1739 24.77 330 41N027A 2473 5762 85.60 2971 34.71 110 41N027B 10 65°48'S Feb. 18 1727 580 30 500 2470 7206 76.11 10656 140.00 330 41N028A 38°58'E 2473 7588 112.73 4384 38.89 110 41N028B Table 4. Continued. Stn. No. Position Ship's time Length Angle Estimated Flow-meter Estimated Wet weight Wet weight Mesh size Sample No. (LMT) of wire of wire depth of No. Revolutions volume of water of sample in of sample per (µm) Date time (m) co) haul (m) filtered (m3) a haul (mg) m3 (mg) 10 65°48'S Feb. 18 1757 159 18 150 2471 2775 28.71 6298 219.40 330 41N029 38°58'E 2469 1463 21.73 7803 359.01 110 41N030 6-2 61°19•s Mar. 2 1136 153 IO 150 2469 2399 35.64 10017 281.06 330 41N031 80°0l'E 2473 1992 29.59 13654 461.38 110 41N032 11 63°00'S Mar. 12 1403 181 25 150 2473 2665 39.59 8288 209.34 330 41N033 149°57'E 2469 2798 41.57 6468 155.61 110 41N034 12 59°39•s Mar. 13 1406 226 47 150 2469 4740 70.42 13074 185.67 330 41N035 ...... 149°58'E 2473 2665 39.59 4304 108.71 110 41N036 .i:,.. 13 56°36'S Mar. 14 1424 202 41 150 2469 3365 49.99 1732 34.65 330 41N037 150°0 l'E 2473 3111 46.22 5486 118.69 110 41N038 14 52°18'S Mar. 15 1428 252 48 150 2469 4157 61.76 2859 46.30 330 41N039 150°0l'E 2473 4643 68.98 1331 19.29 110 41N040 15 47°39'S Mar. 16 1417 190 39 150 2469 3615 53.70 2687 50.02 330 41N041 150°02'E 2473 3587 53.29 1310 24.59 110 41N042 Table 5. Data on plankton collected by vertical hauls with NORPAC twin standard net in the JARE-42 cruise of the Shirase to the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean, December 2000 - March 2001. Samplings were carried out by S. Ban, W. Okoshi and T. Hirawake. Stn. No. Position Ship's time Length Angle Estimated Flow-meter Estimated Wet weight Wet weight Mesh size Sample No. (LMT) of wire of wire depth of No. Revolutions volume of water of sample in of sample per (µm) Date time (m) (0) haul (m) filtered (ml ) a haul (mg) ml (mg) 41 °29•s Dec. 5 1435 233 50 150 - - - - 330 110°00'E - - - 110 2 46°40'S Dec. 6 1404 283 58 150 2470 6062 64.03 4180 65.3 330 st2G 1 l0°04'E 2473 4230 62.84 1738 27.7 110 st2X 3 51 °33•s Dec. 7 1405 202 42 150 2470 2778 29.34 2195 74.8 330 st3G l 10°04'E 2473 2369 35.19 4062 115.4 110 st3X 4 55°53'S Dec. 8 1359 196 40 150 2470 2455 25.93 1520 58.6 330 st4G VI l l0°02'E 2473 2647 39.32 1252 31.8 110 st4X 5 59° 16'S Dec. 9 0921 0 0 150 2470 1812 19.14 929 48.6 330 st5G 110°01 'E 2473 1706 25.34 2033 80.2 110 st5X 6 61 °2o·s Dec. 12 1117 216 46 150 2470 4048 42.76 6659 155.7 330 st6G 79°59'E 2473 3034 45.07 18115 401.9 110 st6X 13 61°18'S Mar. 4 1210 170 28 150 2473 2540 37.73 4269 113.1 330 stl3G 80°00'E 2470 2433 25.70 25300 984.5 110 st13X 18 64°0l'S Mar. 11 1401 190 38 150 2473 2200 32.68 1411 43.2 330 stl8G 140°04'E 2470 2070 21.86 3341 152.8 110 st18X 19 63°58'S Mar. 13 1405 244 52 150 2473 3815 56.68 8196 144.6 330 st19G 150°05'E 2470 3485 36.81 9622 261.4 110 stl9X Table 5. Continued. Stn. No. Position Ship's time Length Angle Estimated Flow-meter Estimated Wet weight Wet weight Mesh size Sample No. (LMT) of wire of wire depth of No. Revolutions volume of water of sample in of sample per (µm) Date time (m) (0) haul (m) filtered (mi) a haul (mg) mi (mg) 20 60°08'S Mar. 14 0142 190 38 150 2473 2648 39.34 3751 95.3 330 st20G 150°04'E 2470 2090 22.08 6985 316.4 110 st20X 21 56°33'S Mar. 15 1412 233 50 150 2473 4903 72.84 10047 137.9 330 st21G 150°05'E 2470 3618 38.21 5138 134.4 110 st21X 22 51°53'S Mar. 16 1414 160 20 150 2473 2108 31.32 233 7.4 330 st22G 150°061E 2470 1973 20.84 525 25.2 110 st22X I 

Plankton Sampling on Board Shirase in 1997-2001 -NORPAC Standard Net Samples-

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Plankton Sampling on Board Shirase in 1997-2001 -NORPAC Standard Net Samples-

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