Pesticides and veterinary drug residues are rich in variety and come from a wide range of sources, which have raised significant concerns because they pose potential threats to human and environmental health. In response to the need for on-site and real-time monitoring, various rapid detection technologies for pesticide and veterinary drug residues have been developed in recent years. This review summarizes the latest progress in the application of rapid detection technologies to pesticides and veterinary drug residues from two key perspectives: recognition elements and detection strategies. Precise recognition elements such as antibodies, aptamers, receptors, enzymes, whole cells, molecularly imprinted polymers, and metal-organic frameworks are outlined. This review highlights the latest development of rapid optical detection technology, electrochemical sensing technology, and piezoelectric sensing technology based on precise molecular identification for pesticide and veterinary drug residues. Finally, the challenges and future trends are discussed. This review hopes to provide references and insights for further research and development in this field
