Entrepreneurship among postsocialist\ud agricultural\ud producers: the case of Bulgaria

Abstract

This research is concerned with exploring differences in the meaning of entrepreneurial\ud behaviour among owner-managers of agricultural enterprises in Bulgaria. It aims to gain\ud a better understanding of the origin and development of small businesses in a postsocialist\ud context. Entrepreneurial behaviour is understood as the start-up and\ud development of a new business and is examined through the views and experiences of\ud agricultural producers. An exploratory conceptual framework, encompassing the\ud individual owner-manger, the enterprise and the family, is developed to guide the\ud investigation. It facilitated an analysis of the entrepreneurial process and the relationship\ud between agricultural producers and their enterprises, while also taking into account the\ud possible influences of involved family members. Data were drawn from qualitative\ud face-to-face interviews with a diverse sample of 83 agricultural producers in four rural\ud settlements. The respondents represented different demographic characteristics and\ud agricultural sub-sectors.\ud The findings from this exploratory research provide useful insights into the\ud entrepreneurial behaviour of Bulgarian agricultural producers. Different patterns of\ud engagement with the agricultural enterprises emerge. These are explained through startup\ud motivations and growth aspirations and achievement, which in turn are related to\ud differences in the scale of enterprises. Furthermore, patterns of engagement are related\ud to differences in orientation towards self-employment and adoption of the role of\ud owner-manager. Start-up motivations are associated with a complex interaction of\ud different factors. They are also strongly related to the post-socialist context as\ud represented by macro-level changes. The interviewees recognised and reacted\ud differently to these changes. Presence of involved family members could have either a\ud positive or negative influence on the start-up of new additional activities or the\ud enlargement of existing ones. Contextual issues like the post-socialist background,\ud culture and family contributed to a better understanding of the businesses and\ud entrepreneurial behaviour. The results suggest that the entrepreneurial behaviour of\ud post-socialist agricultural producers requires further research in order to gain an indepth\ud understanding of why they undertake their own business