The aim of this paper is to present evidence of the main factors that influence the voluntary decision of the assurance of unemployment in Chile. To carry out this purpose, a model Logit Binomial was estimated using information of the Survey of Socioeconomic Characterization (CASEN) 2003. The results support some theoretical arguments that influence this type of decisions. The individuals who present smaller probability of taking an insurance are workers with an educational low level and without formal training, individuals in advanced age, individuals with fewer family responsibilities, with a major seniority, individuals who can generate another type of income, workers who receive a major level of social assistance, workers who belong to the micro and small enterprise and those that work in Transport and Communications and Commercial Sector. These results are interesting, because the persons that have some of these characteristics could confront larger unemployment risk. In this context, it is necessary the intervention of the authority across incentives or forcing to the people to take insurance in order that the more vulnerable persons adopt this mechanism for social protection
