Research and Information System for Developing Countries
Abstract
Plant genetic resource (PGR) scientists now recognize the
importance of shifting from a singular focus on conservation to a focus on
both conservation and utilization of germplasm in order to meet future
challenges. This paper analyzes the patterns of distribution of pearl millet,
six small millets, chickpea and pigeonpea germplasm over the last 10 years
at the two major genebanks functioning in India: the National Genebank at
the National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (NBPGR) and a Consultative
Group for International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) Genebank at the
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), as
well as the patterns of use of germplasm by millet breeders in India. Between
the years of 1999-2009, ICRISAT distributed approximately 48 per cent of all
its collections to breeders in India whereas NBPGR distributed 36 per cent
of their collection. A total of 20 responses (30 per cent of surveys sent) were
collected through this study. Sixty-five percent of respondents said that they
rarely (<50 per cent of the time) use germplasm from genebanks in their
breeding programs. It is important that both genebanks look into several
issues in order to improve levels of distribution and utilization, collection,
duplication, engagement of the private sector, access to information, and
pre-breeding