Agricultural Development Bank Reform: The Case of The Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperatives (BAAC), Thailand

Abstract

The Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperatives (BAAC) in Thailand has gone through four major phases of reform: 1966-74, laying the foundation for individual lending to farmers through joint liability groups; 1975-87, expanding its lending operations through access to commercial bank and donor funds and consolidating its operations by reducing loan channeling through cooperatives; 1988-96, striving for viability and self-reliance, under conditions of controlled interest rates, through savings mobilization, improved loan recovery and increased staff productivity; since 1997, adjusting to prudential regulation by the central bank and diversifying into non-agricultural lending. The result of gradual reform has been the largest outreach by any Agricultural Development Bank: 88% of farm households in Thailand, combined with institutional viability. --