Part 2, Chapter 1: The Voice, pp. 87-88https://jdc.jefferson.edu/throat_and_voice/1018/thumbnail.jp

Solis Cohen, Jacob

Part 2, Chapter 9: Care of the Voice, pp. 154-155http://jdc.jefferson.edu/throat_and_voice/1026/thumbnail.jp

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The Throat and The Voice: Part 2, Chapter 9: Care of the Voice

Part 2, Chapter 9: Care of the Voice, pp. 154-155https://jdc.jefferson.edu/throat_and_voice/1026/thumbnail.jp

Jefferson Digital Commons

Thomas Jefferson UniversityJefferson Digital CommonsThe Throat and the Voice, by J. Solis Cohen, M.D.1879 Rare Medical Books1879The Throat and The Voice: Part 2, Chapter 9: Careof the VoiceJacob Solis CohenFollow this and additional works at: http://jdc.jefferson.edu/throat_and_voicePart of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine CommonsThis Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Jefferson Digital Commons. The Jefferson Digital Commons is a service of ThomasJefferson University's Center for Teaching and Learning (CTL). The Commons is a showcase for Jefferson books and journals, peer-reviewed scholarlypublications, unique historical collections from the University archives, and teaching tools. The Jefferson Digital Commons allows researchers andinterested readers anywhere in the world to learn about and keep up to date with Jefferson scholarship. This article has been accepted for inclusion inThe Throat and the Voice, by J. Solis Cohen, M.D. 1879 by an authorized administrator of the Jefferson Digital Commons. For more information, pleasecontact: JeffersonDigitalCommons@jefferson.edu.Recommended CitationSolis Cohen, Jacob, "The Throat and The Voice: Part 2, Chapter 9: Care of the Voice" (1879). The Throat and the Voice, by J. Solis Cohen,M.D. 1879. Book 26.http://jdc.jefferson.edu/throat_and_voice/26CHAPTER IX CARE OF THE VOICE. A PROPER method of producing vocal sound having been secured, it is important that proper care be taken of the voice. It should not be fatigued by too long exercise at any one time, and the limits of salutary exercise vary in individual cases, just as with muscular exercise in general. As soon as the parts begin to feel dry and uncomfortable, and a sense of effort is felt necessary to produce the results which up to that time followed without consciousness of special effort, that moment, or as soon after it as at all practicable, the use of the voice should be suspended. The vocal effort should not be made during fatigue or hunger. Rest is req-uisite in the one instance, and a slight repast in the other. The voice should not be exercised, either, after a hearty meal, for a full stomach interferes with the free play of the diaphragm, and consequently with normal abdominal respiration. In addition to this, as the pharynx is part and parcel of the aliment-ary apparatus, it participates in the increased circula- '54  tion through that apparatus during active digestion, and is thus impaired for the time as a perfect resonator or reinforcer of the voice. If the throat becomes dry during the use of the voice, it may be moistened at convenient intervals by taking a sip of water, which should be held in the mouth a moment or two before it is swallowed. Dcep draughts of water flood the stomach too much, and afford no greater relief to the parching throat. With proper voice production, the sip of water is never necessary. The habit of resorting to it should be broken up as speedily as practicable. Ice may be held in the mouth during the intervals of repose be-tween performances, if more agreeable than water, as it often is. The use of lozenges is rarely of ad-vantage for these purposes, and those lozenges com-posed of pure gum or gelatine are the most efficacious. A good article of jujube paste, plain or acidulated, may be used. Medicated lozenges are apt to be detrimental, unless properly selected for some special influence that may be desirable at the time. The voice should not be used for public purposes during ever so mild an attack of sore throat, or any indisposition that makes its use require unusual effort. CARE OF THE VOICE. 155 

Thomas Jefferson UniversityJefferson Digital CommonsThe Throat and the Voice, by J. Solis Cohen, M.D.1879 Rare Medical Books1879The Throat and The Voice: Part 2, Chapter 1: TheVoiceJacob Solis CohenFollow this and additional works at: http://jdc.jefferson.edu/throat_and_voicePart of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine CommonsThis Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Jefferson Digital Commons. The Jefferson Digital Commons is a service of ThomasJefferson University's Center for Teaching and Learning (CTL). The Commons is a showcase for Jefferson books and journals, peer-reviewed scholarlypublications, unique historical collections from the University archives, and teaching tools. The Jefferson Digital Commons allows researchers andinterested readers anywhere in the world to learn about and keep up to date with Jefferson scholarship. This article has been accepted for inclusion inThe Throat and the Voice, by J. Solis Cohen, M.D. 1879 by an authorized administrator of the Jefferson Digital Commons. For more information, pleasecontact: JeffersonDigitalCommons@jefferson.edu.Recommended CitationSolis Cohen, Jacob, "The Throat and The Voice: Part 2, Chapter 1: The Voice" (1879). The Throat and the Voice, by J. Solis Cohen, M.D.1879. Book 18.http://jdc.jefferson.edu/throat_and_voice/18• 86 	 THE THROAT AND THE VOICE. the mouth be kept open during the process, and all movements of swallowing avoided. With fluids of proper temperature and density, these precautions will almost always secure the individual from injury, unless there is some deformity, congenital or from disease, or an unnaturally large orifice to the vent-tube of the ear-drum. When there is an offensive odor from the retained masses of phlegm and mucus, a disinfectant should be added to the cleansing solution. These ablutions should form an essential part of the daily toilet, as much so as a resort to the tooth-brush or the wash-basin. Cases of naso-pharyngeal catarrh kept up by the presence of foreign bodies, tumors in the nasal pas-sages or dead bone, will not get well until after the removal of these sources of irritation.  • PART II. THE VOICE. CHAPTER I. VOICE. THE VOICE is the sound generated in the larynx at the upper part of the air-passage, by the rapid vibration of the edges of two membranous bands, stretched transversely over the top of the windpipe, from before backward and slightly downward. A delicate elliptic space Fig. V.—Diagram is left between the two vocal bands as the as Adjusted for PhoBands - (Fig. V. ); and the air from the lungs, nation, or Voice. as it escapes forcibly through this contracted passage, strikes the edges of these bands with a force which sets them vibrating. The sound started in the air-tube by this vibra-tion is the voice. During ordinary respiration, these vocal bands are widely separated behind, so as to present a large tri-anguloid space between their edges for the uninter-87 i. r. Vocal Bands. 4' ti 88 	 THE THROAT AND THE VOICE. rupted and free passage of the air (Fig. VI.); and they separate a little more during a deep inspiration, and move slightly towards each other during expiration. In sounding the voice, how-Fig. VI.—Diagram of the ever, as above stated, the Vocal Band's Separated Be- hind, 	 bands are brought to- as in Ordinary Breath- ing. 	 gether posteriorly to the middle line, and held there as long as the sound is being made (Fig. V.); separating again when a deep inspira-tion is to be made (Fig. VI.); Free space the process being repeated as long as vocalization is con-tinued. It is thus that the ordinary expiratory cur-rent of breathing is utilized in the normal production of the voice. A vocal sound can be produced by the inspiratory current likewise, if a special effort is made to do so, as sometimes practised by ventriloquists; but the sound is rough, coarse, and disagreeable, and the effort soon becomes tiresome and difficult. In cases of spasmodic approximation of the vocal bands, as occurs in certain cases of false or spasmodic croup, and in a number of diseases of the upper por-tion of the air-passage, this unnatural vocal sound is actually produced at every forcible effort of inspira-tion, and constitutes a special alarming and heart-rending sound which is known as stridor. CHAPTER II. ACOUSTICS OF VOICE. THE physical laws in accordance with which voice is produced are just the same as those which control the physical production of all other sounds. If, therefore, the general laws of sound (acoustics) are reviewed, and then the mechanism of those por-tions of the human organism concerned in the pro-duction of vocal sound is studied afterward, consid-erable insight will be gained as to the nature of the voice. What is sound? " Something we hear," some bright little reader may mentally reply. And so it is,—something that is heard. And it is only by hearing it, that it can be comprehended. The deaf-mute has no conception of the nature of sounds. If he were standing alone by the Falls of Niagara, there would be no sound, for there would be no organ of hearing to interpret as sound the commotion in the water and in the atmosphere produced by the great cataract. The sensation of sound is due to a certain motion or tremor produced in the molecules of the extreme 8* 	 89 x. x. Vocal Bands. for the Breath. 