Part 2 of this article can be found through this link:
https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar//handle/123456789/13101Cancer is a leading cause of
death worldwide and such deaths
are projected to continue to rise,
creating significant morbidity and
mortality. Devising programmes to
detect early cancer, aiming to achieve
complete cure, has been high on the
agenda of various professional bodies.
This paper focuses on the various
screening and surveillance programmes
around the world, aiming at detecting
early gastrointestinal malignancies.
Starting with Barretts’ oesophagus,
we shall see the different surveillance
programmes across countries to detect
premalignant stages of oesophageal
cancer, while at the same time
reviewing the only country in the world,
China, which has an oesophageal
cancer mass screening programme.
Moving to gastric cancer, we shall
review Japan’s screening programme,
followed by other countries’ measures
in surveilling premalignant gastric
conditions. Colorectal cancer is the
only gastrointestinal cancer where
mass screening has been employed
in various countries. This will be
discussed in detail, with particular
emphasis on the British and American
systems. We shall also be discussing
the surveillance programmes for
moderate and high risk patients of
colorectal cancer. Finally, we shall also
review the different recommendations
with regards to screening for
hepatocellular carcinoma.peer-reviewe
