Climate equivalence scales and the effects of climate change on Russian welfare and well-being

Abstract

This paper measures the concepts of welfare and well-being in Russia on the basis of two large Russian household surveys, carried out in 1993 and 1994. Welfare refers to satisfaction with income and well-being refers to satisfaction with life as a whole. This paper investigates how climate conditions in various parts of Russia affect the cost of living and well-being. Climate equivalence scales have been constructed for both welfare and well-being.Climate, Welfare, Well being, Climatic condition, Empirical method, Climate modification, Russia, Eurasia