There has been numerous published literature related to lean production. However, very limited studies have been found focussing on the selection of lean production tools and techniques especially for Malaysian context. The review is based on the contemporary literature that published between year 2004 to 2014. The main databases used were Science Direct, Scopus and Emerald. The review gives general pictures of the selection and implementation of lean tools and techniques in various industries and the factors that affect the selection process. The analysis showed that there was no study yet on the selection of lean production tools and techniques specifically in Malaysia by using rational decision making process. Therefore, this gap requires further research on the selection of appropriate lean production tools and techniques by considering several critical decision criteria

Mohammad, Musli

Omar, Badrul

Ramly, Edly Ferdin

Yahya, Mohd Shahir

English

Sampling of urban runoff was carried out in two small catchments, which

represent residential and commercial areas in Skudai, lohor. Ten storm events for

residential and seven events for commercial catchments were analysed. Runoff

quality showed large variations in concentrations during storms, especially for SS,

BODs and COD. Concentrations of N03-N, N02-N, NH3-N, and P were also high.

Lead (Pb) was also detected in both catchments but the levels were low «0.001

mg/l). In general, the water quality was badly polluted and fell in class V of the

Interim National Water Quality Standards. The hydro graphs and pollutographs for

both catchments showed rapid increases and decreases equally rapidly. Most

pollutants were diluted as storm events progress. In most cases, the peak

concentrations preceded the peak runoff. This suggests that the pollutants were of

short distant sources/origins and the bulk of the pollutant mass arrived at the

catchment's outlet much faster than the runoff itself. For the hysteresis loop, both

catchments showed most of the parameters were characterized by clockwise

hysteresis. Only a few plots were exhibited counterclockwise and figure eight

hysteresis loop. The relative strength of the first flush for the commercial catchment

was P> COD>SS> N03-N> N02-N> BODs> NH3-N whereas for the residential

catchment was SS> COD> BODs> NH3-N> P> N03-N> N02-N. The loadings were

higher in the commercial than in the residential catchment and this was attributed to

a greater runoff volume per unit area and higher Event Mean Concentration (EMC)

in the former. Detail calibration and validation of Storm Water Management Model

(SWMM) for modeling water quantity and quality were discussed. The simulation

results, evaluated in terms of runoff depth, peak flow and the hydro graph shapes,

were satisfactorily. For the water quality modeling, the simulation results were

evaluated in terms of total load and peak load. SWMM can model SS load

reasonably weB for the residential catchment, but was not satisfactory for the

commercial catchment

A review on the selection of lean production tools and techniques

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