Human resource management (HR management, HRM) is a key part of the management of each institution. The need for effective personnel management and business reorganization is still rising as a result of the economic crisis impact. Managers who have previously dealt with personnel matters at the margins, are now faced (without previous preparation) with the role of persons responsible for operation HR management and strategic HR system setup for future business prosperity. The main objective of the article is to present the specifics of human resource management in libraries and to highlight the potential opportunities for development, which human resource management offers. The first part of the article provides a general overview of the agenda, which HRM includes, and outlines two basic methods of its application in institutions. The second part is devoted to core competencies linked to the human resource management, and describes the importance of the role of managers in this area. Key passage defines the personnel specifics associated with the organization chart of libraries, advantages and last but not least disadvantages and risks, which influence HRM. In conclusion, the potential opportunities and motivational tools related to human resource management in libraries are summed up
