In this paper the latest advances in developing digital libraries and hybrid libraries - those which combine traditional and digital services - will be considered from a cross-European viewpoint. Academic libraries are undertaking new roles as 'gateways' to the world's networked information resources, and they must reorganise themselves to fulfil these new roles. Of particular importance is the development of close cooperation between librarians and educators, since the use of new technology in teaching and in research requires integrated information services. Digital academic libraries will thus form part of new, integrated, technology-rich 'learning environments'. The presenter is a former university librarian who now directs a research and development centre in a university, and has extensive experience of directing cross-European library research projects. Thus both practical and theoretical approaches will be included