Paraphaeosphaeria schoenoplecti sp. nov. is described and illustrated, based on collections of senescent Schoenoplectus litoralis from Hong Kong. Ascospores are 3-celled, with the central cell markedly shorter than the two end cells. The ascospores are comparatively longer than those of all other species in the genus with 3-celled ascospores and these are surrounded by a wide spreading mucilaginous sheath. Paraphaeosphaeria schoenoplecti is compared with P. concentrica, P. michotii, and P. microspora, which also consistently possess 3-celled ascospores.link_to_OA_fulltex