Lüthje, R.

Möllmann, C.

van Beusekom, Justus

English

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 1 CRUISE REPORT  R.V. HEINCKE         Cruise No.: HE 168  General subject of research: Physical, chemical, biological and fishery oceanography  Port calls: None  IFM-Department/CAU Institute: Marine Ecology (Fishery Biology) / Institute of Marine Sciences  Chief Scientists: Rudolf Lüthje (leg 1), Justus van Beusekom (leg 2), Christian Möllmann (leg 3)  Number of Scientist: 23  Project: BMBF GLOBEC Germany  This cruise report consists of 17 pages.   Research programme The cruise was conducted within the framework of GLOBEC Germany “Trophic interactions between zooplankton and fish under the influence of physical processes”. Investigations were carried out in the Central Baltic areas of the Arkona Basin, Stolpe Trench, Gdansk Deep and Bornholm Basin, the latter being the main focus area (Figure 1). Research was performed on all trophic levels incl. phyto-, zoo- and ichthyoplankton as well as pelagic clupeid and gadoid fish.  Major goals were the description of abundance, biomass, production and nutritional condition of phyto-, zoo- and ichthyoplankton. Further emphasis was given on the meso- to small-scale horizontal and vertical distribution of phyto-, zoo- and ichthyoplankton (incl. for the latter two diurnal vertical migration) as well as their main predator fish species herring and sprat. Further, stock structure, gonadal maturation, egg production and survival of sprat and cod was investigated. Concurrently hydrographic measurements were performed and the amount of nutrients in the water column was recorded.  Gears used Phytoplankton: Watersampler, Multifluorescence-Probe Microzooplankton: Watersampler Zooplankton: Apstein-Net (50µm), Babybongo-Net (150µm), Multinet (50µm), WP-2 (200µm), Videoplanktonrecorder (VPR),  Ichthyoplankton: Bongo-net (335/500mm), Biomoc (335µm) Fish: Kombitrawl (308 Meshes) Hydrography:  CTD  2 Cruise Report (leg 1: 05.– 11. May 2002)  1) Scientific crew   - Rudolf Lüthje (Chief scientist)   IfM Kiel  - Mohammad-Mukhlis Kamal   IfM Kiel  - Annett Seehagen    IfM Kiel  - Janna Peters     University of Bremen  - Diane Seidel     IHF Hamburg  - Tanja Berg     IHF Hamburg  - Knut Rinas     IfM Hamburg  - Berit Rabe     IfM Hamburg  - Elena Karasiova    AtlantNIRO, Kaliningrad  2) Report of cruise leg 1 with technical details  Sunday 05/05//02: 0800-0930 Loading of equipment at IfM Kiel pier 1000-1300 Loading of equipment at the Kiel Seafishmarket and installation of VPR winch    1315  Leaving in direction of Arkona Basin  Monday 06/05/02: 0215  Start with station grid on hydrography/horizontal distribution of phyto-, zoo- and ichthyoplankton in the Arkona Basin (Figure 1) 1410  End of station grid in the Arkona Basin (number, type and location of samples taken, see Table 1 and Figure 1)  Thursday 09/05/02: 2220  End of station grid on hydrography/horizontal distribution as well as vertical distribution of phyto-, zoo- and ichthyoplankton in the Bornholm Basin; including HELCOM Baltic Monitoring Station K2 (number, type and location of samples taken, see Table 2 and Figure 2)   Friday 10/05/02: 0600  Start with permanent station (grid-station 23) on hydrography/vertical distribution of phyto-, zoo- and ichthyoplankton in the Bornholm Basin  Saturday 11/05/02: 1130  End of permanent station (grid-station 23) on hydrography/vertical distribution of phyto-, zoo- and ichthyoplankton in the Bornholm Basin   1400  Exchange of scientists in the vicinity of Nexø (Bornholm) 3 3) Summary of HE 168 cruise leg 1 Cruise leg 1 successfully covered a station grid on hydrography as well as phyto-, zoo- and ichthyoplankton (using a CTD- and Multifluorescense-Probe, Bongo/Babybongo and Apstein-Nets) in the Arkona Basin (Table 1 and Figure 1). In the Bornholm Basin the 45 station grid on hydrography as well as phyto-, zoo- and ichthyoplankton (using a CTD- and Multifluorescense-Probe, Watersampler, Bongo/Babybongo, Multi- and Apstein-Nets) was covered (Table 1 and Figure 2). Thereby various samples on nutrients, phytoplankton, microzooplankton, copepods and sprat larvae were taken for laboratory analyses on growth, condition and biochemical composition (Table 3). Additionally station K2 of the HELCOM Baltic Marine Monitoring Programme was covered with a WP-2 net for comparison with the HELCOM time-series. 5 (2 night, 3 daytime) vertically resolving Biomoc-hauls were conducted on a 24h-permanent station on grid station 23 (using a CTD- and Multifluorescense-Probe, Multinet, Biomoc and Watersampler) (Table 2). 41 samples of about 5 sprat larvae were derived for laboratory analyses on growth and condition.  4 Cruise Report (leg 2: 11.– 18. May 2002)  1) Scientific crew   - Justus van Beusekom (Chief scientist) AWI, WMS Sylt  - Annett Seehagen    IfM Kiel  - Janna Peters     University of Bremen  - Frank Hartmann    IHF Hamburg  - Matthias Bernreuther    IHF Hamburg  - Gernot Kurtz     IHF Hamburg  - Elena Karasiova    AtlantNIRO Kaliningrad  2) Report of cruise leg 2 with technical details  Saturday 11/05/02: 2020  Start with station grid on hydrography/horizontal distribution of phyto-, zoo- and ichthyoplankton in the Stolpe Trench and Gdansk Deep (Figure 4)  Sunday 12/05/02: 0845  Interruption of grid sampling  1045  Start with permanent station (grid-station 63) on hydrography/vertical distribution of phyto-, zoo- and ichthyoplankton in the Gdansk Deep 2000  End of permanent station (grid-station 63) on hydrography/vertical distribution of phyto-, zoo- and ichthyoplankton in the Gdansk Deep 2100  Continuation of station grid on hydrography/horizontal distribution of phyto-, zoo- and ichthyoplankton in the Stolpe Trench and Gdansk Deep (Figure 4)  Monday 13/05/02: 1810  End of station grid on hydrography/horizontal distribution as well as vertical distribution of phyto-, zoo- and ichthyoplankton in the Stolpe Trench and Gdansk Deep 1930  Start of second station grid on hydrography/horizontal distribution as well as vertical distribution of phyto-, zoo- and ichthyoplankton in the Bornholm Basin (Figure 3)  Thursday 16/05/02: 0130  Interruption of grid sampling 0600  Parallel working with RV Walther Herwig III to investigate the small-scale distribution of zoo-/ and ichthyoplankton as well as adult fish in relation to hydrographic features on a transect from 55°45 N / 16° 15 E to 55°22,5 N / 16°00 E.   5 2140 End of parallel working with RV Walther Herwig III 2300  Continuation of second station grid on hydrography/horizontal distribution as well as vertical distribution of phyto-, zoo- and ichthyoplankton in the Bornholm Basin (Figure 3)   Friday 17/05/02: 1730  End of second station grid in the Bornholm Basin   Saturday 18/05/02: 0800  Exchange of scientist in the vicinity of Nexø (Bornholm)  3) Summary of HE 168 cruise leg 2 Cruise leg 2 successfully covered a station grid on hydrography as well as phyto-, zoo- and ichthyoplankton (using a CTD- and Multifluorescense-Probe, Bongo/Babybongo and Apstein-Nets) in the Stolpe Trench and the Gdansk Deep (Table 1 and Figure 1). In the Bornholm Basin the 45 station grid on hydrography as well as phyto-, zoo- and ichthyoplankton (using a CTD- and Multifluorescense-Probe, Watersampler, Bongo/Babybongo, Apstein-Nets) was covered (Table 1 and Figure 2). Thereby various samples on nutrients, phytoplankton, microzooplankton, copepods and sprat larvae were taken for laboratory analyses on growth, condition and biochemical composition (Table 3).  2 daytime vertically resolving Biomoc-hauls were conducted on a permanent station on grid station 63  with additional casts of the CTD- and Multifluorescense-Probe, Multinet and Watersampler) (Table 2). 41 samples of about 5 sprat larvae were derived for laboratory analyses on growth and condition. In concert with RV Walther Herwig III the small-scale distribution of zoo-/ and ichthyoplankton as well as adult fish in relation to hydrographic features was investigated on a transect from 55°45 N / 16° 15 E to 55°22,5 N / 16°00 E. Thereby 12 stations with CTD/ Multifluorescense-Probe, Multinet and Bongo/Babybongo-Nets were sampled. Additional Apstein-Nets were conducted irregularly for estimation of copepod mortality (Table 4).   6 Cruise Report (leg 3: 18.– 25. May 2002)  1) Scientific crew   - Christian Möllmann (Chief scientist) IfM Kiel  - Cordula Schmitz   IfM Kiel (18. – 21.05.)  - Anett Seehagen   IfM Kiel (18. – 21.05.)  - Jörn Schmidt    IfM Kiel  - Janna Peters    University of Bremen  - Matthias Bernreuther IHF Hamburg (18. – 21.05.)  - Frank Hartmann   IHF Hamburg (18. – 21.05.) - Anne Sell IHF Hamburg (21. – 25.05.)  - Jens-Peter Herrmann   IHF Hamburg (21. – 25.05.)  - Axel Temming   IHF Hamburg (21. – 25.05.)  - Jens Flöter    IHF Hamburg (21. – 25.05.)  - Andrea Lübben   IfM Hamburg (18. – 21.05.)  - Elena Karasiova   AtlantNIRO, Kaliningrad  - Cabel Davis    Woods Hole Institution (21. – 25.05.)  - Scott Gallagher   Woods Hole Institution (21. – 25.05.)  2) Report of cruise leg 3 with technical details  Saturday 18/05//02: 0950  Start with bentho-pelagic fishery; 5 hauls (on grid stations 31, 30, 29, 35 and 39 1900 End of fishery part 1 2400  Apstein-Net on grid station 23 for copepod mortality estimation      Sunday 19/05/02: 0600  Start with bentho-pelagic fishery; 5 hauls (on grid stations 23, 24, 25, 15 and 16 1900 End of fishery part 2 2400  Apstein-Net on grid station 23 for copepod mortality estimation  Monday 20/05/02: 0600  Start with bentho-pelagic fishery; 5 hauls (on grid stations 22, 17, 18, 34 and 40 1900  End of fishery part 3 2400 Apstein-Net on grid station 23 for copepod mortality estimation  Tuesday 21/05/02:  1030 Entering port of Rønne (Bornholm)  7     Exchange of scientists and installation of VPR  Wednesday 22/05/02:  1800 Leaving port of Rønne in direction of Bornholm Basin  Thursday 23/05/02: 0130 Start with monitoring small-scale distribution of zooplankton with the VPR 1200 CTD/Watersampler and WP-2 casts to catch Pseudocalanus females for egg production 1330 Continuation of monitoring small-scale distribution of zooplankton with the VPR  Friday 24/05/02:  0900 End of station work and leaving dirction of Kiel  Saturday 25/05/02:  XXXX Unload equipment at Kiel Seafishmarket     XXXX Entering IfM Kiel Pier  3) Summary of HE 168 cruise leg 3 15 benthopelagic fishery trawl hauls allowing for a horizontal coverage of the Basin (Figure 5). Length and weight distributions of herring and sprat were recorded as well as maturation stages on every fishery station. 837 herring and 1980 sprat stomach contents for feeding investigations were sampled. Additionally herring and sprat were frozen for bioenergetic analyses on every station. From 114 cod length and weight (full, cut, liver, gonads) measurements were performed, maturation stages recorded and otoliths collected. 5 cod were frozen for bioenergetic analyses and 31 female ovary samples for histological analyses were taken. Apstein-Nets were conducted irregularly for estimation of copepod mortality (Table 4) The VPR could be succesfully installed and the small-scale spatial variability of zooplankton was recorded.   8 TABLES  Table 1. Number, type and location of samples taken on station grids.  Basin Date Type Number CTD/Fluor. 7 Bongo/Babybongo 4 Arkona 06/05/02 Apstein-Net 4 CTD/Fluor. 45 Bongo/Babybongo 45 Apstein-Net 27 Multinet 9* Watersampler 9 Bornholm 06/05/02 – 09/05/02 WP-2 1 CTD/Fluor. 9 Bongo/Babybongo 2 Apstein-Net 2 Stolpe Trench 11/05/02 & 13/05/02 WP-2 1 CTD/Fluor. 10 Bongo/Babybongo 7 Apstein-Net 3 Gdansk 12/05/02 – 13/05/02 WP-2 7 CTD/Fluor. 45 Bongo/Babybongo 45 Apstein-Net 28 Bornholm 13/05/02 – 17/05/02 Watersampler 9  * Double hauls covering the water column in10m-steps   9 Table 2. Number, type and location of samples taken on permanent stations for vertically resolving sampling.  Basin Grid station Date Type Number CTD/Fluor. 3 Biomoc 5** Multinet 3* Bornholm 23 10/05 – 11/05/02 Watersampler 2 CTD/Fluor. 1 Multinet 6* Watersampler 1 Gdansk Deep 63 12/05 Biomoc 2**  * Double hauls covering the water column in10m-steps ** Double hauls covering the water column in 5m-steps   10 Table 3a. Number and type of samples for laboratory analysis derived on station grid 1 in the Bornholm Basin (06/05/02 – 09/05/02).   RNA/DNA-Analysis Biochemical-Analysis (Lipids, Proteins) Others Nutrients -  - 90 (from 9 Watersamplings) Phytoplankton  - 54 Filters (from 14 Watersamplings) Microzooplankton  -  - 45 in Lugol (from 9 Watersamplings) Copepods  - 93** (from 5 Stations)  - Spratlarvae 78* (from 26 Bongohauls) 20*** (from 7 Bongohauls)  - * samples of about 5 larvae ** samples of about 20 copepods ***samples of about 10 larvae  Table 3b. Number and type of samples for laboratory analysis derived on station grid 2 in the Bornholm Basin (13/05/02 – 17/05/02).   RNA/DNA-Analysis Biochemical-Analysis (Lipids, Proteins) Others Nutrients -  -  Phytoplankton  -  Microzooplankton  -  -  Copepods  - 109** (from 7 Stations)  - Spratlarvae  32*** (from 8 Bongohauls)  - * samples of about 5 larvae ** samples of about 20 copepods ***samples of about 10 larvae             11 Table 3c. Number and type of samples for laboratory analysis derived on station grid in the Stolpe Trench and Gdansk Deep (11/05/02 – 13/05/02).   RNA/DNA-Analysis Biochemical-Analysis (Lipids, Proteins) Others Nutrients -  - 90 (from 9 Watersamplings) Phytoplankton  - 54 Filters (from 14 Watersamplings) Microzooplankton  -  - 45 in Lugol (from 9 Watersamplings) Copepods  - 78** (from 9 Stations)  - Spratlarvae 78* (from 26 Bongohauls) 51*** (from 13 Bongohauls)  - * samples of about 5 larvae ** samples of about 20 copepods ***samples of about 10 larvae  Table 3b. Number of sprat larvae for laboratory analysis from Biomoc-sampling in the Bornholm Basin (10/05/02)  Profile-No. No. of larvae D1 14 D2 37 D3 4 N1 13 N2 15 D - daytime hauls N – night hauls   12 Table 4. Extra sampling with Apstein-Net for mortality estimations on grid station 23.  No. Station Date Time 1 358/23 06/04/02 1847-1901 2 375/D23 08/04/02 0630-0649 3 387/23 09/04/02 1911-1932 4 410/23 11/04/02 0141-0205 5 413/23 11/04/02 1009-1030 6 421/23 12/04/02 0046-0105 7 429/23 13/04/02 0225-0245 8 429/23 13/04/02 0801-0821 9 429/23 13/04/02 1344-1404 10 439/23 14/04/02 0120-0141 11 455/23 15/04/02 0221-0241   13 FIGURES   Figure 1. Sampling stations and types in the Arkona Basin 06/05/02.   14   Figure 2. Sampling stations and types in the Bornholm Basin 06/05/02 – 09/05/02.   15   Figure 3. Sampling stations and types in the Bornholm Basin 13/05/02 – 17/05/02.  16   Figure 4. Sampling stations and types in the Gdansk Deep and Gotland Basin 11/05/02 – 13/05/02.  17   Figure 5. Fishing stations in the Bornholm Basin.  

Short Cruise Report of R/V Heincke cruise HE168

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